Nutritional Neuroscience: The Metal in Your Head
PSY 4113
Michael Wenger , Department of Psychology
Iron deficiency (ID) and iron deficiency anemia (IDA): they used to be called "tired blood'' in the 1950s and 1960s. However, instead of what might be considered a mild inconvenience, ID and IDA are major health concerns, representing the single most prevalent nutrient deficiency in the world, with some estimates suggesting that more than 1.6 billion people world-wide are affected. The majority of those affected are children and women of reproductive age, although there are important effects later in life as well. Although the risk factors for ID and IDA include poverty and other resource limitations, both are prevalent in developed nations and in resource-rich contexts. Understanding the relationships between iron status and brain health requires the ability to think about those relationships simultaneously at multiple levels of analysis: the biochemistry of iron homeostasis, the cellular neuroscience of iron and its effects on neurotransmitters and brain energy use, the systems-level neuroscience of the effects of iron on brain circuits, and the cognitive psychology relating all of this to the ways in which we function in the world.
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