Pattern of Means Depicted for Civilian and Military Media
Use and Attention
Communication Form |
Mean |
Standard Deviation |
Television News |
7.48 |
1.95 |
Internal Base Websites |
7.13 |
2.81 |
Local Television News |
6.85 |
2.46 |
Base Newspaper |
5.88 |
2.59 |
Online Civilian Newspaper |
5.47 |
2.63 |
Print Military Magazine |
5.29 |
2.55 |
Online Military Magazine |
5.23 |
2.79 |
Prime Time TV |
5.14 |
2.96 |
Television Talk Shows |
4.64 |
3.12 |
Civilian Web Pages |
4.52 |
3.13 |
Online Base Newspaper |
4.36 |
3.06 |
TV Entertainment |
4.25 |
2.89 |
TV Magazine Shows |
4.14 |
2.86 |
Radio News |
3.88 |
3.07 |
Talk Radio |
3.74 |
2.76 |
Print Civilian Magazines |
2.97 |
2.47 |
Note: 1-10 scales measured attention and use added and divided by two. 10-point exposure scale, ranging from “rarely use” to “frequently use,” and 10-point attention scale, ranging from “no attention” to “close attention” (McLeod & McDonald, 1985; Chaffee & Schleuder, 1986).