This research cluster comprises faculty investigating complex place-based human-natural systems, using a variety of methods from the social and physical sciences. Perspectives and paradigms include climatology, urbanism, economic geography, sustainable development, conservation, landscape ecology, biology, land-air interactions, environmental justice, socio-environmental systems, and urban geography. Research in this cluster examines these complex human-natural systems within such geographies as freshwater ecosystems, cities in the Americas, rural Oklahoma, corporations, policy, U.S. cities, and within society’s marginalized communities.