Descriptions of the sites are linked by this graphic (
) to previously appearing daily descriptions. If that link failed in my monthly checking of the links, the following symbol will be shown instead (
). Particularly authoritative sites are marked with an exclamation point (
- I am still in the process of adding these). All links were last checked on 9 June 1999 (Total links checked: 3015) by CyberSpyder Link Check. This month's entries are resting in a temporary file until the end of the month.
General Internet Resources:
- General Internet Resources:
- FreeDictionary.Com - including many botanical terms. Synomyms, antonyms and related words are given and linked
- CIA World Factbook - political data on countries, along with maps, flags, contact locations, currency, etc.
- Online Language Dictionaries and Translators - cross-translation links to 199 foreign (and domestic) languages
- Lektora - RSS Reader - a free newsfeed reader for Windows, Mac and Linux browsers
- Weblogg-ed: RSS Quick Start Guide for Educators - how to use "Really Simple Syndication" as a technical tool for distibuting exercises, discussions and keeping interest of technically inclined students
- Internet Archive: Wayback Machine - look up old web pages
- How a Domain is Activated - explanation of how Domain Name Service (DNS) and IP addresses work
- NCSA Mosaic Tenth Anniversary - history and impact of the first graphical web browser
- The Elements of Style - classic reference to English usage
- Googlewhacking: The Search for 'The One' - a silly web fad
- whereonearth/geozip - provides latitude & longitude, geographical coordinates
- National Atmospheric Deposition Program Isopleth Maps - maps on concentration and deposition of SO4, NO3, NH4, Ca, K, Mg, Na, Cl, H+ (pH) and H2O
- Alltimezones.Org - maps, current time and time zones
- Translation Experts - almost 30 languages translated
- Web Search Engines FAQS: Questions, Answers, and Issues - characteristics of web databases, including Google, Altavista, AllTheWeb and others
- Cyber Attacks During the War on Terrorism - A Predictive Analysis - system hacker security concerns
- FINDarticles.com - Search for full text articles.
- Symantec Security Updates - anti-virus, hoax and security information
- "Top Ten Mistakes in Web Design" Revisited Three Years Later - Internet flaws in HTML construction that impede Web use
- useit.com: usable information technology - advice on HTML coding and mistakes in Web design to avoid
- Copyright and Fair Use - law, court cases and history of copyright law
- SANS Institute: Ten Most Critical Internet Security Threats - specific programs, backdoors, computer security holes that should be closed to prevent most hacker attacks
- SANS Institute Online - hacker threats, solutions and computer security recommendations
- NetFactual.Com - growth of Internet domains, DNS servers and the web
- F-Secure Computer Virus Info Center - anti-virus database
- Wormhole to the Rest of the Internet - search engine access site and web references
- Oingo Meaning-Based Search - Meaning-based search engine with a well developed science directory.
- Lookoff.com - Internet Search Tutorial - information about how to use search engines
- WorldSkip.Com - international customs, country information and travel
- Price Watch: Street Price Search Engine - pricing service for economically buying high techology products
- Search Engine Colossus - international web links & search engines
- Birth of the Internet - brief history of networking
- Federal Science and Technology Websites - Directory of science and technology websites published by the federal government.
- WDVL: Illustrated Encyclopedia of Web Technology - authoring, design, graphics, software and vocabulary for WWW
- CERT® Coordination Center - response site to hacker and virus security threats
- SETI@home: The Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence at Home - data analyzing screensaver
- Internet Traffic Report - diagnose network problems
- Adobe Acrobat Reader - software download
- Hobbes' Internet Timeline - a history of Internet development with statistics
- TerraServer: The World's Largest Database - satellite imagery, remote sensing
- National Atlas of the United States of America - maps of every state
- The Swiss Web Knife - access to lots of useful links
- Thomas - U.S. Congress on the Internet - legislative activities of US Congress
- Dogpile - a premiere metasearch engine for Internet links
- Metafind - a premiere metasearch engine for Internet links
- Metacrawler - a premiere metasearch engine for Internet links
- GVU's 7th WWW User Survey - questionnaire on every aspect of the Internet
- Electronic Privacy Information Center - Internet freedom and surveillance of users through cookies & other means
- Search Engine Watch - Internet information technology site
- HTML Crash Course for Educators - tutorial site on the programming language of the WWW (World-Wide Web)
- HTML Reference Manual encyclopedic reference for website construction
- Internet Resources for the Biologist - WWW, Gopher, WAIS and FTP resources to important sites
- Exploring the Net! - Explanation of Internet resource types and uses
- Research on the Internet - a how-to site with lots of links
- Computer Virus Database - by name
- Virus Bulletin - Current data on computer viruses
- TUCOWS: The Ultimate Collection of Winsock Software
- SimTelNet Software FTP Site
- BIOPAK -- Software for Computing Plant Biomass - FTP and FAQs
- RealAudio Player - FTP download site
- Listservs and Email Addresses:
- Centre for International Ethnomedicinal Education and Research (CIEER) - listserv and gateway to resources
- Tomorrow's-Professor Listserv - essays about teaching, tenure, employment
- ONElist [became groups.yahoo.com in 2001] - free listserv and discussion group resource
- HMS Beagle - webzine for biological and medical research with databases, websites
- MAD Scientist Network - 400 scientists answer questions on anything about science
- Publically Accessible Mailing Lists - Listserv index by alphabetical list and subject
- Lycos Searches for People, Places, Businesses and Web Sites - a national phonebook with email addresses
- Usenet Newsgroups and Archives:
- Do Plants Feel Pain? - Essay from Usenet
- Botanical Electronic News (BEN) - Newsgroup newsletter
- bionet.plants Usenet Newsgroup | Archive
- bionet.plants.education Usenet Newsgroup | Archive
- sci.bio.botany Usenet Newsgroup
Web Resource Pages for Botany:
- General Science:
- Atlas of Canada - data maps for geographic features, ecology, climate, social characters and more
- Google Scholar - database of articles, preprint repositories and university and scholarly sites
- Electronic Statistics Textbook - an online statistics handbook at the beginning to advanced level
- Human Cloning: Techniques, history and perspectives - techniques of in vitro fertilization and cloning, a timeline of cloning, current policies, and historical viewpoints
- Classification of Life on Earth at Iziko Museums - Iziko Museums of Cape Town's site on kingdoms of animals, fungi and plants
- Science Toys - a site celebrating the science around us, for K-8 and hobbyists
- Can SETI Succeed: Carl Sagan and Ernst Mayr Debate - perhaps the most famous discussion of the problem of the search for extraterrestrial intelligence
- Timelinescience - 1000 Years of Scientific Thought - activities, commentary and scientific explanations based on the past 1000 years of science
- Chemistry, Biology and related disciplines in the WWW - English and German sites on major aspects of plant biology
- NCDC Freeze/Frost Maps - freeze/frost probability maps for the US
- Virtual Classroom Biology - images, explanations and exercises on basic biology topics
- Van Leeuwenhoek Microscope Replica - how to make a simple glass sphere microscope
- Germs from Nowhere: Spontaneous Generation - history of discovery of microbial activity and sterilization
- Earth Observatory - pictorial documentation of much information of life on earth, including event monitoring, reference pages, feature articles and experiments
- Biosphere 3D - QTVR portrayals of atlas information on rotatable globes, including climate, pollution, population and much more
- National Hurricane Center/Tropical Prediction Center - detailed information and predictions on Atlantic and Pacific tropical storms
- Microbes.info - featuring "hot germ news", world disease information, societies
- Global Land Environments During the Last 130,000 Years - chronology and maps of glacial coverage during the Ice Age
- NOBEL SITE: Microscopes Help Scientists Explore Hidden Worlds - phase contrast, fluorescence, transmission electron and scanning tunneling microscopy are featured
- The Virtual Fossil Museum - tree of life, fossil sites, geological history but not much on plants
- Science Friday - weekly science radio show on National Public Radio (NPR)
- Basic Microscopy-An Important Skill for Plant Pathologists - what all students should know about microscopy
- Powers of Ten - From intergalactic space to the interior of a proton, at powers of 10 meters per view
- EarthViewer - view an earth imaging system
- Science.Gov - encyclopedic access to US government publications on science
- New York Times: Life Science - collection of well written articles in many areas of science
- Open Door Web Site: Biology - introductory biology text and online information, with quizzes, text, facts & figures, laboratory work
- National Academy Press - free online books concerning a wide variety of scientific, ecological and social issues
- NOAA Ocean Explorer - deep sea exploration and research
- Toporama Canada - downloadable Natural Resources Canada topographic maps
- Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) - online mapping, FIPS55 place codes & physical geographical features
- TopoZone.Com - downloadable USGS topographic maps
- Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics - math encyclopedia covering algebra, geometry, calculus and beyond
- Landmarks In the History of Genetics - timeline of genetic discoveries, discoverers, and implications of new findings
- Access Excellence: About Biotech - careers, bioethics, genomics, applications of biotech, scientific principles, and biographies are covered here
- Biophysics Textbook Online - biophysics topics, including membranes, photosynthesis, many topics
- Biological Weapons Control and Bioterrorism Resources from ASM - American Society for Microbiology reports on biological weapons threats
- BBC Litmus Test: A Science Quiz Challenge - online quiz contest by the BBC
- Scirus - Search Engine for Scientific Information Only - a science web search portal, allowing advanced searches for articles, scientist's home pages, abstracts, patents, conferences
- Fear of Physics - everything you should know before taking college physics; online quizzes, tutorials
- SciTechResources.Gov - government resources for scientists, engineers, botanists and other scientists
- Calculators On-Line Center - calculators of all description
- Global Earth History - plate tectonics and paleogeography if the Phanerozoic Earth
- Biology Careers Page - links site for career development and future employment
- World Treasures of the Library of Congress: Beginnings - life origins, evolution, creation
- drkoop.com - Consumer medicine by former U.S. Surgeon General Dr. Koop
- National Weather Warnings - National Weather Service warnings for tornado, hurricane, flash flood, marine advisories and thunder & winter storms
- National Weather Service Home Page - NOAA reference site for weather forecasts, warnings, radar, satellite images, climatic data and county-by-county predictions
- Explore with Maps - world, national, city and local maps, including topographic maps
- ClimateTrend.Com - thermal trends and temperature changes from 1900
- Global Warming - climatic change with an online quiz
- NOAA Climate Prediction Center - encyclopedic site on long-term weather and climate change
- Copyright and Fair Use - law, court cases and history of copyright law
- The Problem of Species Extinction - site emphasizing biodiversity, encroachment of man and irreversible nature of species death
- Origin Expository - origins of life from creationism and mythology to current scientific thought
- Earth Observatory - NASA satellite imagery; atmospheric, oceanic,and land cover data.
- BioMed Central - journal publication site
- MagPortal.Com - access to numerous online magazine articles
- Sunrise/Sunset Calculator - astronomic calculation of daily solar position
- Oingo Meaning-Based Search - Meaning-based search engine with a well developed science directory.
- Micscape - Teaching resources for microscopy.
- eNature.com - Online Audubon Field Guides
- The Scout Report - new links for science & engineering
- PubMed Central - electronic journal site for all of the sciences
- naturalSCIENCE Magazine - science news, links to major science sites
- 100 or so Books that shaped a Century of Science - great recommended scientific book list [last link of the 1990s!]
- OWOW- Office of Wetlands, Oceans, and Watersheds - The USEPA Office of Water website.
- NC State AgNic Entomology: A Guide to Online Insect Systematic Resources - Academically maintained guide to insect resources on the internet
- Botany 1050: Introduction to Botany - full-featured intro site with online photographs, genetic code, "code cracker," measurement converter, EvolveIT simulation, geologic time chart
- The Basic Principles of Genetics - Tutorials in Mendelian genetics, heredity, and Linnaean classification for the biological anthropologist.
- News article: Evolution Questioned in Oklahoma - compromise labels evolution as a controversial scientific explanation
- Microbe World - images, introduction to microbes, amazing facts & tales of microorganisms
- E-Journals.Org - links providing access to the electronic sites of the world's journals
- Unisys: Daily University Science News - news e-zine on press reports
- The Scientist: The News Journal for the Life Scientist - online e-zine covering news, jobs, commentary, web sites
- Molecular Expressions: Virtual Microscope - simulations and tutorial on microscope use
- Plant Systematics and Evolution - Links - WWW resources on herbaria (by state), bioinformatics, image sites, courses on the web and more
- Official Website of the Nobel Foundation - the prizes, a database of past winners and a museum are provided
- Simple, Common, and Interesting Molecules - water, chlorophyll, ß-carotene, protein, DNA structures shown and more
- Nature Science Update - current events and science news stories
- National Biological Information Infrastructure - Gateway to biological data maintained by government agencies and cooperating partners.
- Federal Science and Technology Websites - Directory of science and technology websites published by the federal government.
- Earth History Resources - Illustrated geological time.
- Apollo 11: 30th Anniversary - history of man's landing on the moon
- Palynology at the University of Arizona - site includes pollen, spores, algae, dinoflagellates, microforaminifera, chitinozoans, acritarchs and amoeba
- SETI@home: The Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence at Home - data analyzing screensaver
- Frequently Encountered Criticisms in Evolution vs. Creationism: Revised and Expanded - scientific rebuttal to claims of creationists
- Media Resource Service - science stories in the news
- ENSIWEB - Evolution and Nature of Science - evolution and origin of life lesson plans
- The Skeptic's Dictionary - terms of pseudoscience
- National Severe Storms Laboratory - tornado, thunder storms, weather
- Towson University Biology: Online Courses - Online Biology courses at Towson University
- IPL Science Fair Project Resources Guide - a nice how-to-do site with useful links
- Nee-How - Customized bio-search engine and links accessing more than 700,000 pre-selected pages.
- Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory - History and work of the oldest U.S.national laboratory.
- BioMedLink - rated medical and biological links from HMS Beagle
- New Scientist: Planet Science - online web magazine
- WWW-VL: Electronic Journals - links to the scientific journals on the Internet
- HMS Beagle - webzine for biological and medical research with databases, websites
- Color Landform Atlas of the United States - good tools for biogeography, satellite, county maps, links
- SciCentral - metalink site - a directory of website directories
- EnviroLink - Environmental Link site
- World Resources Institute - encyclopedic site with facts on ecology, conservation and the environment
- Picture It: Great graphics for busy biology teachers - some of the best graphic sites for plants, molecules, ecology, genetics and biology
- MAD Scientist Network - 400 scientists answer questions on anything about science
- BioAgMed INFOMINE - Truly encyclopedic site, searchable by keywords or index directories
- Access Excellence What's News - Science news and features for students and educators
- WWW-Virtual Library: Microscopy
- Periodic Table of the Elements - major physical constants and isotopes
- EurekAlert! - Science Sources Online - Authoritative WWW site for societies, educational, museum and government sites
- Workshop Biology: Promoting Science Literacy for Non-Science Majors - assessment site, software and curriculum
- Education and Curriculum Development:
- Weblogg-ed: RSS Quick Start Guide for Educators - how to use "Really Simple Syndication" as a technical tool for distibuting exercises, discussions and keeping interest of technically inclined students
- Science and Plants for Schools (SAPS) - K-12 resources including worksheets, experiments for the classroom, courses & kits, a Q&A section and newsletter
- Plant Seeds of Learning: Classroom Lessons Bring Plants to Life! - classroom exercises & lession plans, resources for teachers
- Lichens, Tardigrades, and SO2 - Lichens as indicators of pollution, especially sulfur dioxide
- Teaching & Learning Resources - excellent site for developing study skills, lecture, reading and study notes
- Access Excellence: About Biotech - careers, bioethics, genomics, applications of biotech, scientific principles, and biographies are covered here
- BBC Litmus Test: A Science Quiz Challenge - online quiz contest by the BBC
- Sites for Teachers - educational link exchange site
- Resources for Scientists Teaching Science - stimulating critical thinking in education, evaluating resources and student responses
- Project 2061: Scientific Literacy for a Changing World - curriculum project to improve science education
- Botany: dealing with the unknown - Web Notes for an Introduction to Plant Biology.
- ARS Image Gallery - image library of plants, crops, fruits, vegetables, research, insects
- Virtual Foliage Home Page - thousands of images on many topics at University of Wisconsin
- Botanical Society of America Online Image Collection - instructional images of anatomy, biogeography, ecology, palynology, and other topics
- ENSIWEB - Evolution and Nature of Science - evolution and origin of life lesson plans
- Computer-Assisted Laboratory Instruction Program - Development of biology teaching modules for computer-assisted learning.
- Great Plant Escape - grade school site with teacher's guide
- School Resources from Microscopy-UK - Slides for Mammal and Plant Biology
- Biological Foundations - Botany course materials for biology majors.
- Biology Lessons for Prospective and Practicing Teachers - Online lessons for teaching concepts of biology to students K-8.
- Coalition for Education in the Life Sciences (CELS) - national coalition of professional societies
- Bioscene - Journal of College Biology Teaching - online publication and archive of the Association of Midwest College Biology Teachers (AMCBT)
- BioQUEST Curriculum Consortium - curriculum resource development, software and ideas about science teaching
- Handbook on Teaching Undergraduate Science Courses: A Survival Training Manual - TOC only, free manual available for cost of shipping & handling by Gordon Uno
- General Botany:
- Plant Evolution: Adaptation or Historical Accident? - essay on plant evolution and biomechanics in angiosperms and computer models on increasing complexity in plants
- Res Botanica - botanical Latin, Bryophyte Flora of North America, bryological information, chestnuts, selected essays, floristics, history, and miscellaneous topics
- UBC Botanical Garden and Centre for Plant Research - University of British Columbia information, news feeds
- Mycolog: Fungi -The Fifth Kingdom - online companion to a mycological encyclopedia
- Millennium Ecosystem Assessment - UN sanctioned study of >1500 authors indicate worsening ecological conditions
- WWF - Biomes and Biogeographical Realms - perhaps the best and most complete of the world biome sites with great precision for local ecoregions and lots of detail, lots of images
- Flowers in Ultraviolet: Arranged by Plant Family - nearly 100 UV images of different species are shown
- XVII International Botanical Congress - abstracts, symposium and nomenclature sessions
- Insectivorous Plants in the Wilderness - richly illustrated guide to carnivorous plants, with detailed information on their biology
- Botanical Society of America's Statement on Evolution - nicely written essay on plants and evolution by the BSA
- USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map - prediction of plant tolerances in the US based on temperature and moisture trends
- PLANTS DATABASE: National Database - metadata include checklists, distributional data, characteristics, images, references, crop information, links and more
- 1upINFO: Botany Encyclopedia, General Articles - text-oriented online encyclopedia, providing glossary capabilities
- University of South Carolina Herbarium - includes SC plant atlas, pines of SC, poison ivy, what is an herbarium and "Ask Plantman" about your specimens
- Actionbioscience: Biodiversity - essays on diversity, biopiracy, endangered species, microorganisms
- International Network for the Improvement of Banana and Plantain - everything you wanted to know about bananas, their propagation, germplasm and eventually genome
- Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna (CITES) - treaty to regulate rare plants
- Glick's Picks - a plant of the week site
- Floriade 2002 - garden industry trade show of the Netherlands
- Cal's Plant of the Week - plants are featured weekly, with information on how to grow them
- Poison Ivy Toxicodendron radicans (Rhus radicans) - characteristics of poison ivy, contact dermititis, urushiol and control measures
- BOTANY Online - The Internet Hypertextbook - incredible online botany textbook
- Wayne's Word: A Newsletter of Natural History Trivia - curious collection of interesting fun facts, obscure trivia, and great images
- Allergy Glossary -Images and information on plants with allergenic pollens.
- Plant Conservation Alliance - A consortium of government, scientist, and citizen groups concerned with plant habitat protection and restoration.
- Azolla in the Biology Lab: A Good Source of Prokaryotic Cyanobacteria - life cycle and economic botany of Salvineales
- Land Use History of North America (LUHNA) - pilot projects on past and present patterns of vegetation
- ScienceDaily: Plants & Animals News Summaries - science news stories on plants
- NatureServe - encyclopedic data on species status, maps, references and other reports
- Links2Go: Botany - major sites in all areas of plant biology
- BL14A BIODIVERSITY I: The Plant Kingdom - Introduction to plant biodiversity with an evolutionary perspective.
- CSU Guide to Poisonous Plants - illustrated site includes a dictionary and glossary of botanical terms
- BoDD - the Botanical Dermatology Database - chemical nature of poisons, plant dermatitis and allergy
- Yahoo!'s Botany Listings - links to botanical topics, species, taxa, families, habits and organizations
- Major Biomes of the World - vegetational patterns, soils, climate
- AgriSurf! The Farmers Search Engine - web link site for farming
- Plant Biology Images - Plant biology image gallery, labelled for home study.
- The USGS-NPS Vegetation Mapping Program - Protocols and methods used in mapping vegetation communities in U.S. National Parks.
- World Species List - Animals Plants Microbes - checklists and diversity sites worldwide
- Biology of Plants - Raven, Evert and Eichhorn - textbook companion site
- AGRALIN Desktop Library - Electronic desk reference for general biology and numerous plant sciences.
- USDA PPQ Scientific Services - Federal lists of noxious weeds, plant viruses, and endangered species.
- Anthophyta - Flowering Plants - online tutorial and overview of angiosperms
- Conservation of Arctic Flora and Fauna - international polar reserach initiative
- Why Study Plants? - introductory site
- Botany in the News! - articles from national news media
- American Journal of Botany Online - electronic journal
- The United States National Arboretum - Site of the U.S. National Arboretum
- Seed Germination Database
- Botany for the Next Millennium - The future of botany and botanists.
- The John Muir Exhibit - Sierra Club site commemorating Muir
- Botanical Society of America - largest U.S. general plant biology organization. Annual meeting info, botany in the next millennium, links
- TreeWeb: The Natural History of Trees - life histories, status, range, sites & soils, ecology, interactions, forum & references
- Internet Directory for Botany - Combined resource - Comprehensive index to botany information on the internet (for faster service [in US]: mirror site)
- Internet Directory for Botany - Alphabetical - index to botany information on the internet (for faster service [in US]: mirror site)
- Internet Directory for Botany - Subject Index - authoritative botany WWW site (for faster service [in US]: mirror site)
- WWW-Virtual Library: Botany
- Internet Guidepost for Plant Production - Extensive botany and agriculture WWW site (complements Regina and Helsinki sites)
- Agricultural Network Information Center - online references for plant information
- Directory of Plant-Related Links from around the World - a major Spanish-English bilingual site with nice taxon-related links
- BioAgMed INFOMINE - Truly encyclopedic site, searchable by keywords or index directories
- Amazing Environmental Organization Web Directory - Directory & database to environmental biology resources
- Encylopedia of Plants - well-illustrated encyclopedia
- Endangered Species Home Page - Database, newsletter and the laws
- ASU Photosynthesis Center - Explanations and exercises
- Balogh Scientific Books: WWW sites in Botany and Gardening - Selective links
- Galaxy's Biological Sciences Gopher Sites
- Plant Pathology Internet Guide Book - Authoritative plant pathology link site
- Educational links sites:
- MERLOT: Multimedia Educational Resource for Learning and Online Teaching - peer-reviewed and rated web sites are listed and assessed
- Access Excellence Activity Exchange - classroom exercises and multimedia mystery site
- Handbook on Teaching Undergraduate Science Courses: A Survival Training Manual - TOC only, free manual available for cost of shipping & handling by Gordon Uno
- Beyond Bio 101: The Transformation of Undergraduate Biology Education - Survey and planning document
- How to Get a Teaching Job at a Primarily Undergraduate Institution - First person guide
- World Lecture Hall - Links to syllabi/teaching materials on the Web
- Careers in Botany - Information on Botany as a Career
- EDU2: BOTANY - A botany education list of sites
- CSUBIOWEB - Biology education WWW site
- Wildflowers
- Horticulture, Plant Care:
- Botanique.Com: Portal to Gardens, Arboreta and Nature Sites - gardens, arboreta and nature sites in the US and Canada
- Kurtz-Fernhout Software: Garden with Insight - free PC software that simulates garden conditions for many parameters
- The Art of Bonsai - brief but well-written primer on bonsai, including suitable plants and useful information on establishing and maintaining a bonsai
- North American Fruit Explorers (NAFEX) - association that aids and encourages fruit exploration
- Home Orchard Society - dedicated to hobby fruit growers, with newsletter, propagation tips and an active forum
- USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map - prediction of plant tolerances in the US based on temperature and moisture trends
- Tissue Culture in the Home Kitchen - everything you need to know to clone and culture plant tissue using simple equipment and limited supplies
- Benny's Hardy Cactus Page - cultivation, cold hardiness, propagation, Opuntia hybrids, succulents
- Grow Native! - plant growth information, info sheets on nature
- Hort.Net - many high quality images, plant news, information and links
- Landscape Plants: Images, Identification, and Information - 800 mostly woody landscape plants, illustrated and described with flowering and hardiness zone information
- Plant Propagation - introduction to plant breeding from seed, grafting, cuttings etc.
- US National Arboretum - this site has useful advice on plant growth, diseases, help sheets, etc.
- Victoria Adventure - about Victoria, waterlilies, lotus, and water gardening
- PlantFacts (OSU) - metadata including Agricultural Extension datasheets and university departmental information
- California Rare Fruit Growers - emphasis on semitropical fruits and uncommon fruits and vegetables
- International Pollination Systems - information about pollinators, commercial pollination, bee types, suppliers
- Botany, Master Gardener Training - basic botany class on the web through Oregon State University Extension Service
- Fruits of Warm Climates - ethnobotanical classic with over 120 species
- Spring-flowering Bulbs: An Introduction - what, where, when and how to grow common bulb plants
- How to grow perfect African violets - everything you wanted to know about growing Saintpaulia spp.
- HortPlex Plant Database - search plants by scientic or common name
- Home Propagation of House Plants - establishing cuttings from roots & shoots, and air layering
- Plant Encyclopedia - find plants online by name or characteristics
- Insect Pollination Of Cultivated Crop Plants - beekeeping, pollination, fertility, seed production
- Bulb.com - Horticultural site produced by the Dutch flower industry.
- PlantCare.Com - growing plants and tips on how to care for them
- International Aroid Society - information about aroids, the aroid community, breeding and pollinating members of the Araceae
- The Magic of Growing Native Australian Plants - tips and techniques for starting plants from seed, cuttings, grafts
- National Park Service Integrated Pest Management Manual - IPM solutions to disease and herbivory
- Enchanted Gardens - digital images and panoramatic views of gardens & greenhouses
- Cactiinfo.Com - data on growth, form and phenology of succulents
- Plant Tissue Culture Information Exchange - information about micropropagation, chimeras, protoplasts, somatic embryogenesis
- A World of South African Succulents - collection of xerophytic desert plants
- Jardin botanique de Montreal - plant information, virtual tours and exhibitions
- Plant Ideas, Your Total Plant Information Source - gardening information, links and discussion groups/message boards
- The Bonsai Site - the art, history and practice of growing dwarf trees
- Sunken Gardens around the World - garden site
- YouGrowGirl - fun and satirical horticultural site
- Horticopia - some plant information and images
- Rochester Gardening - over 2,200 plant web links
- The History of Gardening: A Timeline from Ancient Times to the Twentieth Century - Noteworthy events in the history of gardening.
- NeoFlora Database - Cultivated plant database.
- Rooting Database - Rooting methods for 501 frequently grown plants.
- Riparian Enhancement on Sloughs - Stream stabilization with plantings and other best management practices.
- Plant of the Week - images and tips
- International Bulb Society - information and pictures of world plants with bulbs
- Biological Control of Pests and Weeds - integrated pest management avoiding pesticides and insecticides
- GardenGuides: A Growing Resource for Gardeners - guides to growing annuals, perennials, with lots of links
- OSU Interactive Plant List - image database of plant habits; impressive garden planning site
- Garden Forever for Gardeners of All Ages and Abilities - tips, articles and links
- The Botanical Pages - Assorted articles on plants in Australian horticulture.
- Live Fences - The use of plant species as living fences in tropical agriculture.
- SULIS: Sustainable Urban Landscape Information Series - Principles of sustainable landscape design for the public.
- Gardening Launch Pad - encyclopedic guide for websites on growing plants
- UC's Fruit and Nut Research and Information Center - information about crops, growing plants and controlling pests
- Suite 101 Home and Garden - discussion groups, articles and rated web links
- Texas Master Gardener - useful information about growing plants
- Wildflower Nirvana - excellent photographs
- The Canadian Sphagnum Peat Moss Association - A peat moss resource site by the Canadian Sphagnum Peat Moss Association
- Taxonomy of Landscape Plants - nomenclature & identification site with database of ornamental plants; useful taxonomic links
- Technology of Horticulture - grafting and propagation of plants, w/ lab exercises
- The Right Tree Handbook - Methods for the correct placement of trees with regards to buildings and electrical power lines.
- Cornell Plantations - Living Plant Collections at Cornell University
- Brasilian Orchids - photographs, breeding, floral anatomy
- Cal's Plant of the Week - photographs, plant propagation
- Hort Digest - Online magazine of tropical horticulture.
- Seed Germination Database
- Mediterranean Climate Gardening Around the World - xeriscape, listserv
- Botanique -Nursery producer of bog plants providing care sheets online.
- National Council for the Conservation of Plants & Gardens - Phlomis, Pterocactus photographs, gardening information
- McCrory Gardens - photography, gardening
- Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research and Australian National Herbarium - information about Australian endemics, includes growing them
- Agricultural Network Information Center - online references for plant information
- Ohio State University Extension VegNet - information on vegetable crops, including tomatoes, potatoes, pumpkins
- National Gardening Association - 3000 question FAQ, kid's site, buyer's guide, recipes, other links
- Boyce Thompson Southwestern Arboretum - plant care, gardens, deserts and legume site with photographic images
- Pacific Northwest Native Wildlife Gardening - links to wildflower societies, listserv, seed sources, nurseries
- OSU Info -- Yard & Garden - county extension data, with specific information on growing plants
- Encylopedia of Plants - well-illustrated encyclopedia
- Introduction to Tomatoes - Illustrated FAQ mainly about tomato development and structure (Lycopersicum esculentum)
- Wildflowers of Alabama - Photos, nice write-ups on selected genera
- Gardeners of the Golden Horseshoe - Garden site, talk/exchange group, botanical listservs
- FAQs about Tree and Shrub Care
- Medicinal Plants, Herbal information, Ethnobotany:
- Guide to Poisonous and Toxic Plants - list including house, garden, ornamental and wild plants of the continental US
- Famine Foods Database - edible non-crop plants that have been consumed in times of famine
- Native American Ethnobotany - over 44,000 data items on traditional plant usage
- Botanic Gardens Trust (Sydney, Australia) - information about the Royal Botanic Gardens and educational material about botanical information, food of aborigines, plants and diseases and more
- NativeTech: Native American Technology and Art - use of native materials and ethnobotany
- Atlas of medicinal plants by Daniel Haake - metadata on 120 medicinal plants of varying importance
- Vegetarian Society - nutritional information, dietary information on a number of vegetable crops
- IISR Spice Gallery - information 50 spices, their history, characteristics, cultivation, culinary and ethnobotanical uses
- Sacred Earth - Ethnobotany - introduction with resources to indigenous knowledge systems organized by continent
- Profiles and Photographs of Medicinal Plants - biochemical description of ethnobotanical observations
- Littleflower's Medicinal Plants of North America - historical use of plants listed by common name
- Plants of the Machiguenga - An Ethnobotanical Study of Eastern Peru - life and experiences of an ethnobotanist
- CDC's Fruits and Vegetables of the Month - varieties used for food, preparation suggestions, recipes, nutritional information
- Sloan-Kettering's About Herbs, Botanicals & Other Products - objective assessment of plant medicines, benefits, risks, interactions, adverse effects
- Medicinal Spices Exhibit - UCLA Biomedical Library - all about spices, with 30 pages describing individual spices
- Is This Poison Ivy? - images and clues to identifying poison ivy, with links to treating rashes, eliminating plants
- Plants and Civilization - online essays - myriad essays on economic plants and taxa
- Ethnobotanical Leaflets - periodical of economically important plants
- Commitment to Origins: On Good Grounds - supporting sustainable coffee production while maintaining biodiversity
- HerbMed - scientific basis of medicinal plants
- USDA/ARS Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory - plants poisonous or toxic to man and/or animals
- Poisonous Plant Database - poisonous and toxic vascular plants
- Vegetable Technology - vegetative crops of some common and some Malaysian plants
- http://agrolink.moa.my/comoditi/fruits.html - tropical rain forest fruits of Malaysia
- Cucurbitaceae and the Cucurbit Network - everything you wanted to know about pickles, cucumbers, pumpkins, squashes, goards, zuccini pages
- Farmers' Rights Information Service - Medicinal and agricultural plants of tribal communites in India.
- Food Resource - Information on the production and uses of plant products in food.
- History of Opium - history of the growth and collection of opium poppy
- The Ethnobotanical Experience - medicinal uses of rain forest and other plants
- Biopolymers: Natural Rubber - history, chemistry, ethnobotany and environmental concerns
- Canadian Poisonous Plants Information System - databases to common poisonous plants found in the home and outdoors in Canada
- American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology’s (AAAAI) Aeroallergen Network - information about allergies to pollen and spores
- Ethnobotany - Teaching aids for an AP Biology unit in Ethnobotany.
- Centre for International Ethnomedicinal Education and Research (CIEER) - listserv and gateway to resources
- Gymnosperm Database - taxonomy, ethnobotany, images, age and large specimens for numerous species
- WebMD- Medical Library - Information on herbs and plant substances used in medicine.
- Arid Lands Information Center -Information on the scientific and human aspects of desert life.
- Soaring Bear's HerbTracker: Finding & Identifying Plants - links to photographic resources, state and country wildflower lists
- Poisonous Plants of North Carolina -Poisonous plants of North Carolina, also encountered elsewhere.
- The Phytochemical World - An introduction to plant secondary metabolism and phytochemicals.
- Plant Map of Costa Rica - illustrated tropical botany site emphasizing phytogeography
- Bio-Tech - New page location for Bio-Tech Online Resouces.
- Culpeper- The Complete Herbal - Online text of Culpeper's Herbal.
- Köhler's Medizinal Pflanzen, 1887 - drawings of 287 European economically important plants
- Medical Botany - A Mini-Course - tutorial on economic plants
- Joe Armstrong's Course Sites - economic botany photo essays on cassava, coir, paper, rubber
- The English Physitian - 1652 - herbal remedies for ancient physicians
- Plants Toxic to Animals - databases to common poisonous plants found outdoors
- North American Lichen Project - ethnobotanical interfaces and basic biology are covered here
- The Sweet Lure of Chocolate - growth of cacao, harvest, processing and health effects
- Algae Home Page, Smithsonian Institution - collections, classification & economic uses
- Fitoterapia y Natura - Index of Spanish common names of medicinally used plants.
- Wealth of the Rainforest: Pharmacy to the World - database, links, images and articles on the Amazonian rainforest
- WWW Ethnobotanical Resource Directory - education opportunities, links, research, database, conferences
- Ethnobotany Conservation Team - articles, careers, mission and some photos
- Cyberbotanica: Plants and Cancer Treatments - medicinal plants, chemicals and a challenging online quiz
- Economically Important Plants / Food Allergy and Intolerance - List of species by family
- Cornell University's Poisonous Plant Page - Plants, active phytochemicals, animal affects and links
- Botanical.Com - Herbal Guide, old works, poison page
- The "Canoe Plants" of Ancient Hawai`i
- Ethnobotanical Databases - USDA-ARS resources on ecology, ethnobotany, Native American food and medicine plants, plant chemistry
- Use of Herbs (HerbWeb) - Herb database information
- Henriette's Herbal Homepage - Links to newsgroup archives, a database and photos
- SW School of Botanical Medicine
- Native American Herbal, Plant Knowledge
- Cell and Molecular Biology
- AmiGO! Your friend in the Gene Ontology - a metadatabase on genes and functional genomics
- Kyrk: Cell Biology Animations - animations cell biology topics, including movies on cell anatomy, organelles, membranes, diffusion, glycolysis, photosynthesis, nucleic acids, mitosis and more
- Carnegie Plant Cell Imaging - Quicktime movies, protocols and articles on molecular imaging with fluorescent probe constructs, transformation and confocal microscopy, featuring mitosis, organelles, microtubules and more
- Stacks on Tracks: Plant Endomembrane Research Group - discussions, reprints, movies and images of Golgi bodies, vesicles and membrane systems
- Advanced Molecular Genetics-Biology 566 - graduate course tutorials with image-rich explanations
- Cell Biology Education - quarterly online publication, providing features, articles, essays and announcements for life science educators
- Molecular Biology Tutorials - DNA, RNA and protein structure from the Waksman Institute
- Organelle Genomes, Proteomes and Gene Expression - organelle structure, function, genes, genome, evolution, cytoplasmic inheritance of mitochondria and plastids
- Plant Cell Biology on CD - confocal and electron microscope images of plant cell organelles and tissues
- Maize Mapping Project - high throughput data on Zea mays genetics, chromosomes, genetic information, ESTs, BACs, InDels, and more
- Gene Ontology Consortium - a consistent vocabulary for all organisms, genes, proteins and protein roles
- GOBASE: The Organelle Genome Database - mitochondrion and plastid (chloroplast) DNA sequences, genes, proteins of animals, plants, protists (& soon related bacterial)
- Cell Cycle and the Plant Cell - computer animations and portrayals of DNA synthesis, checkpoints and mitosis
- PhRMA Bioinformatics: Plant Databases - links to plant genomic databases of NCBI/NIH (GenBank), USDA, NSF, CNRS, L'Institut Pasteur, UK HGMP Resource Centre, PlantGDB, and NSF Net Center for Plant Genomics
- Gramene: A Comparative Mapping Resource for Grains - formerly in RiceGenes, this contains DNA sequences, genome data, proteins, function, mapping of rice and other grasses
- Bioinformatics.Org - open exchange of computer data, databases, software and supporting resources
- Arabidopsis Knockout Facility - databases, protocols and procedures for using the knockout facility
- PlantsP: Functional Genomics of Plant Phosphorylation - databases, sequence analysis, BLASTs, signal transduction expert site
- Biological Biochemical Image Database (BBID) - illustrations of macromolecular structures, gene families, biological pathways
- Plant Genomes Central - genome databases for the plant nucleus, mitochondria and plastids
- Arabidopsis Information Resource (TAIR) - research database with DNA analysis tools, info on seed stocks, mutations, knockouts, microarrays
- Bio-Web: Resources for Molecular and Cell Biologists - comtemporary scienfific news and resources
- ChromDB: The Plant Chromatin Database - chromatin organization, BLAST sequences and research references
- DNA for Dinner? - exploring social complexities of genetically-engineered plants and GMOs
- BIODIC Image Gallery - gallery of over 1000 scanning and transmission electron microscopic images of plants, chloroplasts, mitochondria, Golgi etc.
- Multiscopic Cell - an introduction to the structure of the cell
- http://www.sciam.com/explorations/2001/111901nucleus/ - models for the origin of the nucleus of the cell
- Landmarks In the History of Genetics - timeline of genetic discoveries, discoverers, and implications of new findings
- Highlights of Biochemistry: Molecular structures made visible - important biological molecules including DNA, proteins and molecules involved with gene expression
- Photosynthesis Light Reactions Timeline - early events of light reception, electron transport, NADPH reduction and ATP creation
- Guardian Unlimited | Special report: Ethics of Genetics - human cloning, genetic engineering, STEM cell research and molecular biology
- DNA Learning Center - summer workshops for middle and high school students and teachers, genetics, eugenics and DNA resources
- DNA from the Beginning - tutorial, quizzes and animated concepts of genetics
- GrainGenes: A Database for Small Grains and Sugarcane - molecular and phenotypic data on wheat, barley, oats, rye, and sugarcane
- PlantsP: Functional Genomics of Plant Phosphorylation - markers for kinases, phosphatases, gene and protein regulation
- International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI) - detailed information about techniques for retaining biodiversity and FAQs on growing economic plant crops
- Web Atlas of Cellular Structures Using Light and Confocal Microscopy - organelle & subcellular images, including cytoskeleton (actin & microtubules), nucleus, mitosis
- Cellupedia - model introductory site on cell biology, with news, glossary, messageboards
- pDRAW32 DNA analysis software - DNA plasmid manipulation and cloning program
- Signal Transduction Knowledge Environment - community of researchers, protocols, suppliers, and publications
- ARS Genome Database Resource - DNA sequence data, ESTs, genomic information on crop and model plants
- Protocols for Recombinant DNA Isolation, Cloning and Sequencing - a collection of DNA extraction and preparation methods
- Transgenic Crops: An Introduction and Resources Guide - overview of history, techniques, regulation, risks, concerns and news about transgenic GMO crops
- Glossary of Biotech Terms - Encyclopedic information about biotechnology, molecular biology and cell biology terms
- Ag Bio-Tech InfoNet - reference/information site for plant biotechnology, genetically-modified organisms (GMOs)
- The Fundamental Unit of Life - Tutorial on the cell, its structure, components, and biochemistry.
- Biotech Basics - plant biotechnology primer
- Molecular Biology - online course and tutorial
- Mycology Labs at the University of Tennessee - botanical nomenclature tutorial, glosssary of -onyms, Pleurotus systematics, molecular techniques protocols for field work of fungi, and links
- MaizeDB: the Maize Genome Database - corn informatics/genomics database, featuring ESTs, primers, genes
- WWW-VL Biotechnology - link sites, including bioengineering companies and projects
- RNABase: The RNA Structure Database - tRNAs, rRNAs, mRNAs and an RNA primer
- Arabidopsis.Com - Lehle Seeds - everything Arabidopsis: research community, patents, latest bulletins, seeds
- How the Terminator Terminates - control of genes for plant sterility
- DNA From the Beginning - tutorial and reference material on molecular biology
- Plant Molecular Biology - tutorials/essays on plant transformation, vocabulary, transgenic plants, DNA, genetics and more
- Plant Genome Databases - A Tutorial - introduction to the plant genome projects
- Molecular Information Theory and the Theory of Molecular Machines - laws limiting genetic combinations
- AgBioForum - agricultural biotechnology electronic magazine
- Infomine's Plant Genetics Resources Database (enter the term 'plant genetics') - links to gene banks of many plant groups
- The Biology Project - interactive online tutorials for Biochemistry, Cell Biology, Mendelian Genetics, Immunology, Chemicals and Human Health, Developmental and Molecular Biology
- The Microbial Underground - Medical, Microbiological and Molecular Biological material on the internet.
- Protein Data Bank - 3-D structure of macromolecules
- Protein Kinase Resource - enzymes critical downstream to signal transduction pathways
- Protein Synthesis - tutorial, mRNA, ribosome, translation
- INRA Scientific Database Servers - links, databases, DNA, mychorrhizae, insects
- Principles of Protein Structure - online tutorial on preparation of polypeptides and proteins
- Cell Biology Topics - Online text with self-quizzes
- Cytochemistry Web Page - resource for cell biology
- Dictionary of Science and Biotechnology - glossary for biochemistry, botany, cell biology and genetics
- Cyberbotanica: Plants and Cancer Treatments - medicinal plants, chemicals and a challenging online quiz
- Cold Spring Harbor Arabidopsis Molecular Genetics Course Manual - Exercises in plant gene expression and genetics
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) Virtual Laboratory - a model virtual lab site on antibody research
- Genomics - information about molecular biology, DNA, genetics and policy
- Web Molecular Biology Exercises - online tutorial / quiz for learning DNA dogma
- Plant Genome Database Collaboration - links to Arabidopsis, wheat, corn, soybeans and forest trees
- Primer on Molecular Genetics - Tutorial on molecular biology methods
- Cells Alive!! - Multimedia cell animations
- The Antibodies Resource Page - Techniques, molecules and information
- European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI)
- Dictionary of Cell Biology Terms
- Cell Biology Laboratory Manual - Remarkably complete multi-level lab tutorial/manual
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory Manual
- Arabidopsis Project WWW Manual
- Agricultural Resources
- Crop Nutrient Tool - nutrients used and needed to grow selected crops
- National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS) - has the goal of capturing plant diversity with potential uses in disease resistance, biochemistry, resistance to environmental stress
- Mark Rieger's Fruit Crops - taxonomy, origin, history of cultivation, folklore, medicinal properties, production statistics, harvest methods and much more
- Careers in Agriculture - 40 scientific careers in animal and plant biology
- Seed Savers Exchange - non-profit organization devoted to retaining genetic diversity through maintaining & distributing heirloom seeds
- History: Where Food Crops Originated - crops of the New and Old World
- Australian New Crops Web Site - developing native crops for export
- ICUC - Fruits for the Future - developing tropical fruit trees for food, fodder, fuel, timber and medicine
- Crop Index - information datasheets on 100s of crop plants
- APSnet Feature: Crop Biosecurity/Countering Agricultural Bioterrorism - recommendations and positions of the American Phytopathological Society
- Internet Glossary of Soil Science Terms - hundreds of terms defined, downloadable dictionary and numerical descriptions of soil characteristics
- How A Soybean Plant Develops - everything you wanted to know about growing soybeans
- Climate Change Atlas for 80 Forest Tree Species of the Eastern United States - distribution maps, forest type maps, climate change for several different scenarios
- Perspectives Online - Quarterly publication by the North Carolina State University College of Agriculture and Life Sciences
- National Park Service Integrated Pest Management Manual - IPM solutions to disease and herbivory
- FAO Document Repository - free, authorative, online publications of the FAO (start with the term 'agricultural' if you are lost)
- Rot Web Home Composting Information site - a how-to guide
- Corn Grower's Guidebook - everything about maize
- AgBioForum - agricultural biotechnology electronic magazine
- Agricultural Network Information Center - online references for plant information
- Southern Regional Research Center - USDA Research Center for Southern Agricultural Crops
- Ohio State University Extension VegNet - information on vegetable crops, including tomatoes, potatoes, pumpkins
- Craig's Juicy Native Grass Gossip & Research - information on native grasses
- New Forests Project - Organization for sustainable agroforestry
- WebGarden
- Gardeners of the Golden Horseshoe - Garden site, talk/exchange group, botanical listservs
- Plant Hormones
- Virtual Garden
- Internet Guidepost for Plant Production - Extensive agriculture WWW site
- OCES Guide to Agricultural Web Sites - Government, publication, university, weather, media sties and more.
- State / Regional Resources:
- Miami Tree Puzzle - images of habit, flowers and fruits of native, introduced, and invasive plants of Miami provide illustrations of tropical diversity, with dichotomous key
- Interesting Botanical Places of Newfoundland and Labrador - growing collection of images reflecting some of the ecological niches in this maritime province of Canada
- Digital Flora of Newfoundland and Labrador Vascular Plants - over 1300 vascular plant species from the Annotated Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Newfoundland and Labrador
- Digital Flora of Texas - links to herbarium specimen data, vascular plant images, bibliographic references, and checklists
- Northern Arizona Flora - website for wild flowers of Northern Arizona including Grand Canyon
- Galapagos Natural History - natural history, flora and island geography of the Galapagos Islands
- PJSE: Palmeras y Jardines en el suroeste de Europa - Palms and Gardens of Southwestern Europe with information about palms, Mediterranean climates, maps of European hardiness zones and climatological information, stories and more
- Botanic Gardens Trust (Sydney, Australia) - information about the Royal Botanic Gardens and educational material about botanical information, food of aborigines, plants and diseases and more
- Flora of Northern Ireland - is mapped with species distributions to 10 km; protected and priority species are listed
- Know Your Grasses (Texas-based) - Texas grassland vegetation
- Association Endemia - Faune et Flore de Nouvelle Calédonie - New Caledonia endemic species site, with illustrations (in French)
- Vascular Flora of Madison County, Texas - model flora of a diverse county forming a baseline for studying future changes
- Jardin d'Oiseaux Tropicaux - French national collections of yuccas and cactuses
- Kirstenbosch: Plant of the Week - featured plants currently flowering at Kirstenbosch National Botanical Garden, South Africa
- NOVA: Garden of Eden - a visit to the distant and isolated Seychelles island atoll in the Indian Ocean for discussions of biogeography, speciation, extinction, atolls, continental drift, Pangea and the oceans' health
- Southeastern U.S. Plants - characteristic Southeast US plants by flowering date, common name, scientific name, family and thumbnail image
- Native and Introduced Plants of Southern California - a checklist of species accompanying walking trails in many geographic regions of southern California
- Biodiversity Explorer: Featuring the Diversity of Life We Encounter in Southern Africa - plant and animal diversity of southern Africa by higher groups, families, genera and species
- An Introduction to the Styx - Tasmania's Valley of the Giants - location of the tallest angiosperm (hardwood) trees
- Australian Plant Images - images of native Australian plants - a huge collection
- Burke's Backyard - companion site for a garden "make-over" television program in Australia and New Zealand
- Great Plains Nature Center - flora and fauna of the Great Plains, including educational resources
- NCDC Freeze/Frost Maps - freeze/frost probability maps for the US
- Vegetation and Flora of Pitcairn Islands - a World Heritage site containing research and images on this biodiversity hotspot
- Montana Plant Life - 400 species of wild Montana plants
- My Wildflowers - searchable database of wildflower photos from western Pennsylvania
- Biflora - database on the flora of the island of Hainan, China, a biodiversity hotspot
- Arctic National Wildlife Refuge - A Special Report by Arctic Circle - well-balanced academic site on resources, opportunities and perspectives concerning oil exploration of the ANWR
- The Natural History Museum's Wildlife Garden - British habitats include Oak woodland, Lowland heath, Chalk downland, Hedgerow, Pond and Reedbed
- Plant diversity in Paraguay - database of Paraguayan plant specimens
- Nationaal Herbarium Nederland - three collections at Universiteit Leiden, Utrecht University and Wageningen University (WAG)
- University of South Carolina Herbarium - includes SC plant atlas, pines of SC, poison ivy, what is an herbarium and "Ask Plantman" about your specimens
- PlantZAfrica.com - images, information, vegetation of southern African native plants
- Trees of Kern County, California - checklist, plant information and images
- Missouri Flora Website - plant images and descriptions
- Wisconsin Vascular Plants and Lichens - resources include search by family, genus, common name, county, a key to the conifers and "What's Blooming"
- New Zealand Trust for Conservation Volunteers - an organization that mobilizes hundreds of volunteers to restoration efforts
- Fungi of California - numerous species, photos and links
- DC Herbarium / Flora of the Washington-Baltimore Area - plants of the Washington/Baltimore area
- Wildflowers of the Backbone Trail - digital images of southern California wildflowers
- Conspectus of the Vascular Plants of Madagascar - geo-referenced specimen data and images of Malagasy plants
- W.P. Fraser Herbarium, University of Saskatchewan, Canada - dichotomous key, herbarium information, rare plants and specimens
- Rare, Endangered and Vulnerable Plants of the Republic of Georgia - species list with habitats, geographic distribution and occasional photos
- Catalog of the Woody Plants of Oklahoma - woody plants, trees, shrubs and vines of Oklahoma
- California Wildlife and Habitat Data Analysis Branch - threatened and endangered plants, guidelines for assessment, exhaustive California natural community and habitat database
- Wildflowers of the Boundary Waters Canoe Area - thumbnails and phenology lists
- Blooming Plants of Southern California - digital images of over 400 species
- Ozarks Regional Herbarium - images of flowering plants, ferns & fern allies, atlas, herbarium news
- Delaware Wildflowers - images, species listed by name and color with comprehensive state wildflower links
- Southwest Colorado Wildflowers - trees, plants, ferns of the Four Corners region with plant names, definitions, glossary, field collections, lots of data
- Nevada Rare Plant Atlas - phytogeography and ecology of sensitive and watch-listed plants
- Hendrix Online Photos - Desert and Rocky Mountain wildflowers, to Mountain View experimental gardens - lots of images
- The Mints of Texas - mints of the UT-Austin herbarium system, with text and scanned images of plant specimens
- Wisconsin Plant of the Week - native and introduced species found in the state
- Central Pacific Island Environments - Keys to aquatic species in the Hawaiian Islands.
- Florida Forestry Information - Information on forest trees and forest ecosystems of Florida.
- The Atlas of the Vascular Plants of Utah - Mapped collection locations of Utah plants.
- Hawaii's Most Invasive Horticultural Plants - introduction to characteristics of invasive plants, their adaptations and their threat
- Texas Wetland Information Network (WetNet) - information about conservation, ecology and managements of beaches, dunes and coasts
- Wetland Plants and Plant Communities of Minnesota and Wisconsin - classification of bogs, marshes, swamps, floodplain forests, with plant list and descriptions
- Michigan Wildflowers 2000 - excellent digital image site for Michigan wildflowers
- Invasive Plant Council of New York State - information about exotic plants (aka noxious weeds) invading NY
- Welcome to Floralis - endemics of Mauritius and Mondrain Nature Reserve
- Welcome to Floralis - endemics of Mauritius and Mondrain Nature Reserve
- Wetlands of the Central and Southern California Coast and Coastal Watersheds - encyclopedic information on the wetland biomes of California
- California Exotic Pest Plant Council - invasive weedy plants
- Central Washington Native Plants - regional ecology, natural history, plant identification, images and ethnobotany in a virtual tour
- Wildflowers of the Southeastern United States - encyclopedic site with images, plant information
- Plants of the San Gabriel Mountains - model natural history site for California plant communities, wildflower identification
- Rare Plants of Ontario - rare, threatened and endangered plants of Canada
- Photography of Southern New Jersey - images and virtual tour of New Jersey Pine Barrens, shores and the Delaware River & Bay
- Vascular Plants of Henry W. Coe State Park - comprehensive annotated guide to wildlands near San Jose
- British Wildflowers Online - search engine driven site for identification of wildflowers
- Guide for Common Native Plants of the Cal Poly Pomona Campus (BIO 115 Field Guide) - well-linked and illustrated model for a local campus guide
- Wildlands of Cal Poly Pomona - virtual tour of campus
- Charlie's Mid-Atlantic Plant Identification Guide - plant IDs, quizzes, taxomony links
- Woody Plants of Oklahoma: Descriptions and Range Maps - plant descriptions, images, habitat and range maps for numerous species
- UC Statewide Integrated Pest Management Project - IPM databases and knowledge banks for common crops, pests and weeds
- What Tree Is It? - online key to Ohio trees
- University of Tennessee Herbarium (TENN) - model bryophyte, fungi and vascular plant herbarium site, with maps and database
- Missouri Wildflower Guide - Midwest US floral guide
- Plants of Georgia - General survey of the plants of Georgia
- Florida Environments - Plant communities of Southern Florida.
- CalFlora - California resource about plant occurrence and distribution, with photo images
- El Desierto Florido - South American Atacama desert floral images
- Edible Sierra Nevada Plants - Plants for emergency wilderness survival.
- Henry W. Coe State Park - Checklists of northern California wildflowers, birds, and butterflies.
- Agaricales of the Hawaiian Islands - Documentation of mushroom species in the Hawaiian Archipelago.
- Canyons, Cultures, and Environmental Change Impact of man, animals, and time on the Colorado Plateau.
- Native Wildflowers of the North Dakota Grasslands - Biologist Harold A. Kantrud's articles on wildflowers of North Dakota grasslands and prairie.
- Plants in the Hawaiian Environment- Botany 130 - Junior college course in Hawaiian Botany.
- Weeds of the Northern Blackland Prairie -High resolution photos of weeds of north central Texas.
- California Wildflowers - Color-coded field guide to California wildflowers.
- Georgia Endangered Plant Stewardship Network -Introduction to pitcherplants, pitcherplant bogs, and other endangered plants of Georgia.
- Reed College - Bio 332 - Vascular Plant Diversity - images, interactive online quiz, species databases, Trees of Reed College
- Delaware Wildflowers - with list of state wildflower links
- Zen's WNC Nature Notebook - excellent Appalachian wildflower site with plant & fungi descriptions & flowering times
- State Lists of Endangered Species Under Fish and Wildlife Service Jurisdiction - U.S. and Virgin Islands endangered plants and animals listed by state.
- Mercury Cycling in the Everglades ENR Areas - USGS studies on mercury pollution in aquatic ecosystems.
- John Kunkel Small Photo Collection -Photographs of botanist John Kunkel Small's early twentieth century Florida expeditions.
- Centex Naturalist - Web guide to the natural history of Central Texas.
- University of Connecticut Plant Database - Woody ornamentals database featuring plants grown in the northeastern United States.
- Mangrove Replenishment Initiative - reforestation in Florida
- Rocky Mountain Rare Plants - Alpine Seeds - seed catalogs, germination information
- Everglades Field Trip - Summary of the hydrology, biology, geology, and restoration of the Florida Everglades.
- Tom Clothier's Garden Walk and Talk - Introduction to botany in the garden and advice for the Illinois gardener.
- Kansas Wildflowers - Wildflower and native grasses of Kansas.
- Great Lakes Environment - photo essays, information about monitoring the environment
- Atlas of Tennessee Vascular Plants - Tennessee plant species distribution maps by county.
- A Manual of California Vegetation - vegetation types, ecotypes, communities
- Pennsylvania Flora Project - illustrated plant database
- Texas Wildflowers - Pictorial guide to Texas wildflowers.
- Florida Plants Online - everything about Florida! good Young Naturalist's page
- Atlas of the Flora of New England - an online flora
- Missouri Plant Page - from State Heritage group
- Color Landform Atlas of the United States - good tools for biogeography, satellite, county maps, links
- Plants in the Hawaiian Environment - Botany 130 - Hawaiian flora and man's impact on it
- Forestry in the Appalachian Hardwoods of Kentucky - links on forest fires, silviculture, and an online Forest Management Workshop Manual
- Atlas of Florida Vascular Plants - maps of plant distributions
- Florida Wildflower Showcase - Nice photo site with hundreds of pictures, including some pollinators
- Wildflowers of Alabama - Photos, nice write-ups on selected genera
- Oklahoma Wildflowers - 150 images and growing
- California Wildflowers Collection - Nice photos
- Biota of North America Program (BONAP) - Checklist to the North American vascular plant flora
- Library resources (Dictionaries, Journals, Thesauri, Style Manuals, Tools):
- General resources:
- Google Scholar - database of articles, preprint repositories and university and scholarly sites
- Scientific Names: How to Say Them - pronunciation guide for scientific Latin
- FreeDictionary.Com - including many botanical terms. Synomyms, antonyms and related words are given and linked
- Digital Book Index - Botany - links to online resources, books and documents
- Nature's Encyclopedia of the Life Sciences - introductory and advanced articles written and peer reviewed by authorities
- ISI's Web of Knowledge - nearly essential tool for literature searching, journal evaluation
- Hunt Institute Botanical Databases - botanical databases including standardized abbreviations of plants, plants cited by Linnaeus, Linnaean Dissertations and portraits of botanists
- Categorical Glossary for the Flora of North America Project - morphological terminology in association with the FNA project
- Biodiversity Economics Library - collation of primary literature, conferences and web sites
- NAL Agricultural Thesaurus - dictionary, botanical word resources
- BMC Plant Biology - one of 50 free online journals by BioMed Central
- Alfred Russel Wallace Page - life story and works of one of the founders of evolutionary theory and modern biogeography
- SciTechResources.Gov - government resources for scientists, engineers, botanists and other scientists
- Glossary of Biotech Terms - Encyclopedic information about biotechnology, molecular biology and cell biology terms
- Glossary of Roots of Botanical Names - dictionary of botanical word roots
- Index to American Botanical Literature - literature searches from 1999
- Glossary of Pollen and Spore Terminology - excellent definitions for palynological terms
- Web of On-line Dictionaries - language, vocabulary and international translation site
- Botanical Glossaries - glossary links for lichens, fungi, pteridophytes, bryophytes and gymnosperms
- Hypermedia Glossary Of Genetic Terms - genetic terms from Mendel to molecular biology are defined
- Sites of Botany and Plant Biology-Related Electronic Journals - e-journals
- Science.komm - Links to Journals, publishers, and resources for life sciences.
- WWW-VL: Electronic Journals - links to the scientific journals on the Internet
- MLA-Style Citations of Electronic Sources - How to cite Internet resources
- MEDLINE - Premier database for medicine
- AskERIC
- CARL Uncover - Index to scholarly journal articles
- OCLC FirstSearch Service
- Literature, History, Historically important documents
- Some Biogeographers, Evolutionists and Ecologists: Chrono-Biographical Sketches - provides information on several hundred noted biogeographers
- Flora Online Archives - a very early electronic botanical publication (1987-1993)
- Sir Hans Sloane Jamaican Botanical Collection - images of Sir Hans Sloane's collections in Jamaica
- Great Botanical Books: A Booksellers' Perspective - great herbals and botanical texts of history, as evaluated by Tony Swann at the Natural History Museum
- Iconotheca Botanica: Plant images collection of the Herbarium of Moscow University - colored illustrations from literature of the 1800s by Dietrich, P. Watson and Thomé
- Endeavour Botanical Illustrations at the Natural History Museum - most of the botanical drawings and engravings are available in searchable form
- Discovering Lewis and Clark - plant collections and history associated with the bicentennial of the expedition
- Lewis and Clark Expedition Bicentennial - journey logs, plant discoveries, maps and images of the Lewis and Clark expedition, 1804-1806
- Early Classics in Biogeography, Distribution, and Diversity Studies: 1951 to 1975 - enhanced bibliography with links for plant and animal biogeography
- 1upINFO: Botany Encyclopedia, General Articles - text-oriented online encyclopedia, providing glossary capabilities
- Botany: The History of a Science - major botanical achievements of classical, dark ages, renaissance to the recent
- NOVA: Secret of Photo 51: The Story of Rosalind Franklin & DNA - history and images of the discovery of DNA structure
- Linus Pauling and the Race for DNA: A Documentary History - the history of the discovery of the double helix
- Darwin Day - educational outreach, learning links, arts & leisure based on Darwin, birthday events
- Celebrating 50 Years of DNA - history and social events surrounding the fiftieth anniversary of the discovery of the double helix
- George Washington Carver - life and accomplishments of an important agricultural researcher
- Birmingham Botanic Gardens and Glasshouses, UK - a garden in the United Kingdom dating from 1832
- Virtual Oxford Science Walk - a history of scientific accomplishment at Oxford University
- Agropolis Museum: Food & Agricultures of the World - historical perspective of food, nutrition and agriculture
- Bibliography of References Related to Seed Dormancy and/or Germination in Higher Plants - authoritative collection of references from 1890 to the present
- Botanical Explorations in the United States and Canada - links and resources on the history of botanical sciences, gardening and horticulture
- The Patten Collection of Herbals and Early Gardening Books - Doris and Marc Patten Collection at ASU
- Botany: The History of a Science - major botanical achievements of classical, medieval, renaissance and modern eras
- AMNH Congo Expedition Index - images, field notebooks, biographies, field notebooks, collection information and much more from the 1909-1914 Lang-Chapin expedition
- Linnaean Correspondence - letters, biographical glossary, bibliography
- WorldAtlas.Com - links to geographical, policatial and map data
- An Analytic Bibliography of On-line Neo-Latin Texts - collection of links to historical texts, Medieval to 1800s
- Project Gutenberg - collection of classical books in science and literature
- Early Classics in Biogeography, Distribution, and Diversity Studies: To 1950 - enhanced bibliography with links for plant and animal biogeography
- Rare Books from the MBG Library - free collection of beautifully illustrated and botanically significant books
- Herbals & Early Gardening Books - 148 online old books with ancient botany advice
- A Nomenclatural Morass: The Naming of Lewis' "Fir No. 5" - a case study on plant nomenclature
- Barbara McClintock Papers - notes, correspondence, unpublished manuscripts, lecture notes, etc.
- History of Evolutionary Thought (at UCMP) - biographies of key scientists
- IPL Online Texts Collection - historical books on evolution, microscopy, botany
- Barbara McClintock - 1983 Nobel Laureate - press release, autobiography, obituary for a great maize geneticist who discovered transposable genetic elements
- Planet Ark - Reuters environmental news service and environmental news search engine
- Declaring Independence: A Guide to Creating Community-controlled Science Journals - reducing the costs of responsible scientific publication
- Joseph Dalton Hooker - life and botanical works of J.D. Hooker
- National Library for the Environment (NLE) - Congressional reports, position papers, major environmental portal
- Carl Albert Purpus, Plant Collector in Western America - writings & letters, translated into English, plant lists, images & detailed bibliography
- Methods in Plant Histology - microtechnique resource for preparing plant tissues emphasizing paraffin technique
- JSTOR - historical botany and scientific journals
- Core Historical Literature of Agriculture (CHLA) - imporant monographs and publications in the history of agriculture research
- The Wright Books - book seller of old texts, floras, monographs
- Botanical Art from the Gordon Craig Gallery in London UK - virtual gallery and future location of Curtis' Botanical Magazine
- Antiquariaat Jan Meemelink - book seller of old texts, floras, monographs
- The Travels of William Bartram - revolutionary war era naturalist, artist, writer, botanist
- André Michaux: Explorer, Collector, Botanist - biography and plants of an early French explorer
- The Scientific Revolution- Readings, Resources, Links - A complete resource on the Scientific Revolution
- MDchoice.com - Access to 6,000 medical journals, articles, and databases.
- The Linnean Herbarium at the Swedish Museum of Natural History - herbarium sheets of many type specimens from Linnaeus
- Flora Danica Online - collection of over 3000 ancient plant images
- - Pictures and descriptions of herbals and natural history works of the Renaissance.
- Plant Trivia Timeline - a detailed history of plants, from the very beginning
- Papers of Sir Joseph Banks - Banks' expeditions in text and scanned graphics
- Mythical Plants of the Middle Ages - lengendary plants
- The English Physitian - 1652 - herbal remedies for ancient physicians
- Leonhard Fuchs' Botanical, 1545 - a scanned medieval herbal
- Electronic Journal URLs - Links to leading scientific journals
- MendelWeb - Mendel Verbatim!
- Origin of the Species
- Voyage of the Beagle
- Botanical resources:
- Oregon Natural Heritage Information Center - information about endangered plants, heritage concerns
- UC Davis Natural Reserve System - Jepson Prairie Reserve - information and annotated list of plants in the native bunchgrass prairie
- Picture Profile of the Northern Namib - photo essays of the Namibian desert with lots of images of Welwischia mirabilis
- Photographic Tour: Nature in British Columbia - recognizable flora and fauna of British Columbia
- Jepson Online Interchange - metadatabase of California plants with taxonomic information, distribution maps, forming a continuing revision of the Jepson Flora
- National Geographic Maps - make custom surface relief maps, other cartography resources
- Botany in the Curriculum: Integrating Research and Teaching - August 2-7, 2002 - annual conference of BSA, ASPT, AFS, CBA/ABC, PSA
- The United States Botanic Garden - national botanical garden of the US
- Biology Online - online introductory biology tutorials, links and dictionary
- DNA for Dinner? - exploring social complexities of genetically-engineered plants and GMOs
- Botany in the Subantarctic - subarctic island studies, abstracts & research projects by University of Queensland
- Threatened Plants of the World - rare, endangered, vulnerable, and extinct plants
- Botany Online: The Hypertextbook - Botany Hypertextbook project from the University of Hamburg.
- Botany 2000: Annual Meeting of BSA & Related Plant Societies - online course and tutorial
- The Torrey Botanical Society Online - Website of the Torrey Botanical Society, New York.
- Fire Effects Information System (FEIS) - species specific plant research information & glossary
- Wildflowers - forums, calendar, dealers, FAQ and glossary
- North Central Regional Plant Introduction Station - germplasm analysis and characterization, pest assessment
- AGRICOLA - scientific literature database
- American Journal of Botany Online - electronic journals
- Cartographic Links for Botanists - plant distribution maps & tools from different states, regions, countries
- On-Line Glossary of Technical terms in Plant Pathology - Glossary of terms in plant pathology
- Dictionary of Science and Biotechnology - glossary for biochemistry, botany, cell biology and genetics
- Vegetative Characteristics Used in Taxonomy Keys - exercises and glossary of morphology terms for angiosperms
- Reproductive Characteristics Used in Taxonomy Keys - exercises and glossary of morphology terms for angiosperms
- WQA Glossary of Terms - Botanical terminology
- UCMP Glossary of Botany Terms
- Dictionary of Botanical Epithets - Etymology of species epithets
- Glossary of Plant Morphology Terms - all plants from cyanobacteria to algae and angiosperms
- Dictionary of Cell Biology Terms
- Journal URLs - Links to leading scientific journals
- American Fern Society (AFS) - Fern information and links
- Dendrology:
- Miami Tree Puzzle - images of habit, flowers and fruits of native, introduced, and invasive plants of Miami provide illustrations of tropical diversity, with dichotomous key
- Plant Amnesty - encourages an end to the senseless torture and mutilation of trees and shrubs by bad pruning practices by literature, information and nasty letters
- TreeLinks - site about urban forestry, growing trees, keeping trees healthy, flash cards, as well as the newsletter, WoodNotes Quarterly
- Natural Resource Skills - Introduction to Tree Identification - images and terminological descriptions
- Tree Care Information Brochures - selected brochures on arboriculture
- What Tree Is That? (Arbor Day Fnd) - interactive online dichotomous key for Eastern, Central and Western US tree identification
- Dendrological Plant Image Gallery - devoted to the study of trees and presented in German, English and Spanish
- California Register of Big Trees - a state site listing the largest and oldest trees, links to other state/national sites
- Urban Forest Ecosystems Institute - SelecTree database of nearly 1,500 trees with images, online publications, listserv and newsletter
- Technical Tree Biology Dictionary - a reasonably elementary web glossary of tree-related terminology
- An Introduction to the Styx - Tasmania's Valley of the Giants - location of the tallest angiosperm (hardwood) trees
- Fact Sheets for 680 Trees - describes plant characteristics, maps, uses, pests and diseases
- Trees of Alabama and the Southeast - beginning site for identification of woody plants, featuring excellent glossary of terminology, quizzes
- Big Trees - Biggest, Tallest, Oldest Trees; Big Tree Project - East-West transect of coastal California to the Great Basin - a narrated photo essay of elevation effects on plant populations
- Ancient Forests International - forest type information, promoting sustainability & conservation in California, Chile and Equador
- Twig Key - dichotomous key to the twigs of woody plants (trees and shrubs)
- Leaf Key - dichotomous key of the leaves of woody plants (trees and shrubs)
- Ginkgo biloba - home page for a living fossil, th maidenhair tree
- Forestry Images - forest plants, insects, silviculture, invasive organisms, natural scenes
- Climate Change Atlas for 80 Forest Tree Species of the Eastern United States - distribution maps, forest type maps, climate change for several different scenarios
- Dendrochronology and Wood Biology in Hamburg - pages on xylem production and tree dating
- Boreal Forest - course on wetland ecology of northern woods
- DRYAD - a database of trees - search trees by genus or characteristics
- Giant Sequoia - the largest living gymnosperm trees are featured with information on their ecology, distribution, life cycle and more
- Forests of British Columbia - tree images, habitat, economic uses, identification information given
- Gymnosperm Database - Descriptions of 1,000 taxa.
- Rocky Mountain Tree-Ring Research, Inc. - Dendrological resources and upcoming events.
- Forestry Guide @ About.Com - tree/forest activities, spotlights, websites and more
- A Forester on the Suwannee - Introduction to the Suwannee River and forest plants of north east Florida.
- ArborQuest.com - Information on types and cultivation of woody plants.
- Forests of the Central Appalachians Project - Vegetation descriptions of Central Appalachian forests.
- Silvics of North America -Biology of 200 coniferous and hardwood trees of North America.
- A Field Guide to the Mangroves of Queensland - Mangrove forest species and associated species in Queensland, Australia.
- Mangrove Forest Photo Essay - virtual tour of Avicennia, Rhizophora and Xylocarpus in Thailand
- Ohio Street Tree Evaluation Project - 30 year survival study of tree plantings
- Plants of Francis Beidler Forest in Four Holes Swamp - Articles on the Francis Beidler Forest- tallest cypress/tupelo forest in the world.
- State of the World's Forests - forest resources by country with distribution maps
- Los Areboles en Espana - guide to trees cultivated in Spain
- Reforestation, Nurseries and Genetic Resources - resource for finding seed & growing trees
- Microscopy: The Tree Collection - microscopic wood sections and information
- Trees and Shrubs of Iowa State University - encyclopedic guide to midwest trees
- A Decade of Forest Health in Canada - Studies of air pollution and forest decline in Canada.
- TreeWeb: The Natural History of Trees - life histories, status, range, sites & soils, ecology, interactions, forum & references
- Forestry in the Appalachian Hardwoods of Kentucky - links on forest fires, silviculture, and an online Forest Management Workshop Manual
- Saving the American Chestnut - history, photos, chronology of research efforts, bibliography, links
- Virtual Forest - CD-ROM model site for virtual reality of forest ecology and tree identification
- International Canopy Network (ICAN) - home of the Canopy listserv, resources on the forest canopy - no connect 10/3/98 onwards
- Tree Rings and Tree Ring Research - All about tree rings with lots of links, photos and fun quiz
- Dendrology Page (FNR 225) - Identify twigs and shrubs, dictionary
- Guide to Native British Trees - 33 native trees featured
- FAQs about Tree and Shrub Care
- Ancient Bristlecone Pine
- Trees of the Pacific Northwest
- Phytopathology:
- APSnet: Plants Get Sick Too! - history of plant pathology including major diseases, pests and the means of combatting them
- Crop Index - information datasheets on 100s of crop plants
- Descriptions of Plant Viruses (DPV) - characteristics and biology of over 390 plant viruses (some with fully sequenced genomes)
- Forest Pests of North America - insects, diseases and tree pests
- Vegetable MD Online - plant diseases of crop plants; fact sheets online
- Plant Viruses Online - virus database with information on host susceptibility and relationships, with electronmicrograph images, DNA sequences, other info
- Pestweb: Insects and Other Organisms - Image and link catalog of insect, animal, and fungal pests.
- Cereal Disease Laboratory - USDA research, reports, images, and databases on cereal rust diseases.
- Plant and Insect Parasitic Nematode Home Page - Nematology lab materials.
- Plant Diseases Announcements - emerging phytopathology-related diseases worldwide
- NC State AgNic Entomology: A Guide to Online Insect Systematic Resources - Academically maintained Guide to insect resources on the internet
- Ask Our Experts at the Purdue Plant and Pest Diagnostic Laboratory - email question and answer site
- UC's Fruit and Nut Research and Information Center - information about crops, growing plants and controlling pests
- West Virginia University Tree Bark Web Site - diseases of trees, especially cankers
- On-Line Glossary of Technical terms in Plant Pathology - Glossary of terms in plant pathology
- PLANT PATHOLOGY on the World Wide Web - mini-course on plant pathology & plant diseases with case studies
- Plant Pathology Internet Guide Book - Authoritative plant pathology link site
- APSnet - Plant Pathology Online - Plant pathology society and careers
- Common Names for Plant Diseases - Database of plant crop hosts and their diseases
- Saving the American Chestnut - history, photos, chronology of research efforts, bibliography, links
- Royal Tasmanian Botanical Garden - Native Australian fungus threatens their non-native species
- Texas Plant Disease Handbook - Phytopathology resource
- Plant Disease Information Notes - Phytopathology resource
- Plant philosophy:
- Botanical Index to the Journal of Henry David Thoreau - Botanical Index to the Journal of Thoreau
- Do Plants Feel Pain? - Essay from Usenet
- Phytoremediation and Plant Toxins:
- Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment and Wildlife Habitat - USEPA case studies of functioning treatment wetlands.
- Greenbuilder Articles - guide to environmental construction
- National Wetlands Research Center Education - Lesson plans and teaching guides for wetlands ecology.
- Mercury Cycling in the Everglades ENR Areas - USGS studies on mercury pollution in aquatic ecosystems.
- Phytoremediation: Biological remediation of environmental problems using plants - research site listing conferences, sponsors, books, links
- Pfiesteria piscicida Page - environmental danger from a toxic dinoflagellate
- Abstracts From The 1997 Conference on Hazardous Waste Research - 1997 Abstracts in Bioremediation Technology
- Phytoremediation Home Page - Phytoremediation of explosives and other contaminants in groundwater
- Proceedings of the 10th Annual Conference on Hazardous Waste Research - Papers and abstracts concerning bioremediation of hazardous waste.
- Technology and safety information:
- Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) - chemical reference site
- Biology Safety Information - Safe procedures for the biological laboratory.
- WWW Dictionary of Scientific Instrumentation - The tools of science research
- Graphic Techniques for Biological Presentation - How to do artwork for presentations
- MicroWorld Resources and News - Microscopy link site and more
- Microscopy UK - Microscopy link site and more
- Introduction to Microscopy and Photomicrography
- Material Safety Data Sheet Searches
Systematics:
- General
- Society for the Preservation of Natural History Collections (SPNHC) - organization of individuals interested in the development and preservation of natural history collections, including herbarium collections for plants
- Index Nominum Supragenericorum Plantarum Vascularium - Valid names above the generic level
- Virtual Field Herbarium - promotes constructing field guides to document current diversity and support sustainable development
- Fairchild Tropical Garden Virtual Herbarium - already contains 50,000 specimens online, including nearly 3,200 palms
- What Tree Is That? (Arbor Day Fnd) - interactive online dichotomous key for Eastern, Central and Western US tree identification
- Seed Identification (UKy) - images and information on seeds of some common grasses, legumes, weed and vegetable species
- Herbaria and Herbarium Specimens (U. Toronto) - what herbaria do, how they are being modernized, and other questions
- Scientific Names: How to Say Them - pronunciation guide for scientific Latin
- PhyloCode - developing rules governing phylogenetic nomenclature along with a terminological glossary
- UBC Botanical Garden and Centre for Plant Research - University of British Columbia information, news feeds,
- Classification of Life on Earth at Iziko Museums - Iziko Museums of Cape Town's site on kingdoms of animals, fungi and plants
- Deep Time Project - project is to integrate angiosperm phylogenies of living and extinct plants
- Deep Green - Green Plant Phylogeny Research Coordination Group - databases, matrices, news, discussions and the Tree of Life discribing green plant phylogeny
- Index to Plant Chromosome Numbers (IPCN) - sporophytic, gametophytic and base chromosome counts
- BioCASE - Biological Collection Access Service for Europe - unified database for European collections
- University of Iowa Herbarium - the hows and whys of plant collecting, herbarium specimen prepartion, plant handling and data storage
- Canadian Biodiversity - representatives are mapped, often shown, from members of plants and other kingdoms as well
- Ozarks Regional Herbarium - images of flowering plants, ferns & fern allies, atlas, herbarium news
- Missouri Botanical Garden Field Techniques Manual - information about specimen collection, drying & preserving plants, herbarium records, also in Spanish & French
- Botanical Word Meanings and Name Derivations - word meanings and name derivations of species epithets and famous California collectors
- Curiosities of Biological Nomenclature - information about the conventions of plant names and naming plants
- Deep Green Hyperbolic Trees - interactive phylogenetic tree of green life
- Specimen MAnagement System for California Herbaria (SMASCH) Project - model herbarium database for California plants
- A List of World Herbaria - international listing of herbarium web sites
- Charlie's Mid-Atlantic Plant Identification Guide - plant IDs, quizzes, taxomony links
- Proposals to Conserve and/or Reject Plant Names - database of challenged scientific names
- US Botanical Type Specimen Register - United States National Herbarium (US) collection information
- Glossary of Roots of Botanical Names - dictionary of botanical word roots
- Threatened Plants of the World - rare, endangered, vulnerable, and extinct plants
- Linnaean Plant Name Typification Project - Catalogue of type designations of Linnaean names.
- The Linnean Herbarium at the Swedish Museum of Natural History - herbarium sheets of many type specimens from Linnaeus
- Multisite Living Collections Searches - search for living plants
- Index Herbariorum - search for herbaria and contact persons
- Laboratory of Plant Systematics - site with carefully selected systematics web links
- Willi Hennig Society - cladistics software, Cladistics and a literature database
- Racist Relics: An Ugly Blight On Our Botanical Nomenclature - magazine article
- WHACHAMACALIT! The Common Name - dictionary of common names
- The Torrey Botanical Society Online - Website of the Torrey Botanical Society, New York.
- Phylogenetic Visualization - demo site on how to display cladistic data
- New York Botanical Garden Vascular Plant Type Catalog - type specimen database of NYBG
- Phylogeny and Reconstructing Phylogenetic Trees - programs for illustrating cladistics trees
- Peter Bostock's Botanical Latin Home Page - Latin translation program
- Stokes Tropicals - online plant catalog with plant images and information
- World Species List - Animals Plants Microbes - checklists and diversity sites worldwide
- Fun Science Gallery: Herbarium - plant collecting tutorial
- Omnicyber Plant Family Key - online taxonomic dichotomous key
- The Jade Glue Theory - A manual for the art of plant mounting.
- The Charles B. Graves Herbarium at Connecticut College - Database of the Charles B. Graves Herbarium at Connecticut College
- Botanic Descriptions of Leaf Shapes Quiz - tests leaf apical, basal, overall shape and margins
- Species 2000 - Indexing the world's known species - all known species of organisms including plant fossils will eventually be included
- Plant Names Project - implementation of a project for the 2000s
- Families: Classification of Plants & Animals -beginning level on taxonomic units
- National Biological Information Infrastructure (NBII) - metasite of myriad of databases, including alien invader species
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) - database of scientifically valid names ot taxa
- Angiosperm
- Bromeliad Society International - share a vast image collection, seeds, register cultivars, share research and gardening tips, publish, share information
- Grass Genera of Texas - checklist and illustrated dichotomous key to the Poaceae (or Grass Family, =Gramineae)
- Stapeliads: Orchids of the Succulent World - carrion pollinated flies with beautiful flowers
- Interactive Key to the Flowering Plant Families of Jamaica - a Java-based interactive key to families
- Great Petaluma Desert: Home of the Fat Plants - view South African natives and other pachyform plants
- Native Orchids of the United States - species lists for each of the 50 states, Canada, Mexico and Greenland
- Know Your Grasses (Texas-based) - Texas grassland vegetation
- Malvaceae.Info - information and images on Malvaceae (mallow family) and other plants
- Jardin d'Oiseaux Tropicaux - French national collections of yuccas and cactuses
- Families of Vascular Plants, BOT307 (U. Toronto) - a good introduction to vascular plant families with descriptions and images
- Bamboo - images for many major bamboo genera, with notes, slide shows, cooking instructions/recipes
- Mammillaria: All About Mammillaria Cactus - images, descriptions, growing tips, maps and forums
- Orchid Overview - a nice summary of noteworthy orchids from around the world
- Gasteria Reference Collection - essays, field accounts, photos, notes
- Cactaceae.Net - image database about cactuses and other succulents
- NOVA: Orchid Hunter - orchid images, adaptations and famous amateur scientists from history
- International Palm Society - information, images, links and selected articles on palms
- Agave Image Site - massive Agave image site arranged by topic and species
- Agaveweb - all about Agave, from identification to gardening
- International Network for the Improvement of Banana and Plantain - everything you wanted to know about bananas, their propagation, germplasm and eventually genome
- Malvaceae Pages - resource page for images, generic descriptions, classification
- Internet Orchid Species Photo Encyclopedia - photos collected from collector/growers around the world
- Malvaceae Pages - resource page for images, generic descriptions, classification
- Festuca of North America - fescue grass site, includes nomenclature, descriptions, images
- Cucurbitaceae and the Cucurbit Network - everything you wanted to know about pickles, cucumbers, pumpkins, squashes, goards, zuccini pages
- Angiosperm DNA C-Values Database - quantitative DNA amounts in picograms and megabasepairs (mbp)
- Some Malvaceae in Brazil - images of Hibiscus, Abutilon, Pavonia, others
- PACSOA - Palm and Cycad Societies of Australia - digital images, nomenclature, common names and culture conditions for hundreds of plants
- Native Orchids of Canada - illustrated database on Canadian orchids
- Grass Images from Texas A & M Bioinformatics Working Group - classical drawings of 389 Poaceae, including spikelet details
- John C. Semple- WAT Herbarium - Aster research by J.C.Semple.
- Bromeliário Cairé - bromeliad site with pictures of Brazilian plants
- Virtual Palm Encyclopedia - dichotomous keys, biology, evolution and links
- Floraguide - links, forum, searcher site, photographs
- Spectacular Diversity of New Zealand Plants - introductory biodiversity site
- International Bulb Society - information and pictures of world plants with bulbs
- Wildflowers - forums, calendar, dealers, FAQ and glossary
- Echinocereus Online - Online magazine for the genus Echinocereus.
- Biology 211: Flowering Plant Taxonomy - Photographically illustrated introduction to flowering plant taxonomy
- Cacti and other Succulents that are Hardy in Denmark - Germination and cultivation of Yucca and hardy cacti
- Anthurium Primer - definitive Anthurium site, Araceae
- The Geraniaceae Group - newsletter, links, bookstore and extensive photo gallery
- Cacti and Computer - nomenclature of cacti, with cactus and succulent links
- Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database - guide to common names and species synonyms
- Spanish Moss- Its Nature, History, and Uses - Information central for Spanish Moss, Tillandsia usneoides
- Gesneriad Reference Web - images, info and links
- Systematics of the Cyclanthaceae Systematics of Cyclanthaceae including revision of the genus Sphaeradenia.
- Taxonomy of Landscape Plants - nomenclature & identification site with database of ornamental plants; useful taxonomic links
- The Charms of Duckweed - everything you wanted to know about duckweed, including classroom exercises for K-12 or college
- Brasilian Orchids - photographs, breeding, floral anatomy
- Asclepiad Page - The Carrion Flowers - photos and links
- The NCCPG National Collection of Phlomis -The National collection of Phlomis in Gloucestershire, England.
- Trees and Shrubs of Iowa State University - encyclopedic guide to midwest trees
- Piperaceae Home Page - Introduction to and chemistry of Piperaceae
- Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research and Australian National Herbarium - information about Australian endemics, includes growing them
- Atlas of the Flora of New England - an online flora
- The Cyclamen Society {LF}
- International Organization for Plant Information (IOPI) - databases, host to GlobalPlant Checklist Project and Database of Plant Databases
- Tropical Fruit News Magazine Online - online periodical with articles
- Linda's Orchid Page - orchid flowers, photos, species & common name database, links
- BOTN301 - Taxonomy of Flowering Plants - class notes, virtual tours, useful lab exercises and notes at Texas A & M
- Vegetative Characteristics Used in Taxonomy Keys - exercises and glossary of morphology terms for angiosperms
- World Wide Flowering Plant Family Identification Key - a checklist of 174 morphological characteristics and 6 geographical regions
- Reproductive Characteristics Used in Taxonomy Keys - exercises and glossary of morphology terms for angiosperms
- Missouri Botanical Garden - Research, education, images, virtual tours, floras, databases
- Vascular Plant Families Photographic site (University of Hawaii) - over 225 families represented
- Genus of the Week - Features information about a new plant each week
- Flowering Plant Families - required families for beginning botany students with characters and illustrations
- Seagrass - taxonomy, distribution, references and large collection of images
- Scientific information on Chile Peppers - Photos, capsaicinoid chemistry and uses of hot peppers (genus Capsicum)
- PBIO 250 Lecture Notes - Plant Taxonomy - Summary of classification schemes, selected plant families, nice external links
- Flowerbase Image Database - About 7,000 color photos (multilingual Dutch site) good for translations of common names (!)
- Dendrology Page (FNR 225) - Identify twigs and shrubs, dictionary
- TreeBASE - Database of Phylogenetic Knowledge - Access published phylogenetic trees from the literature
- Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh - Gardens and European searchable database
- Flora of North America - Site of ambitious project to catalog all plants of America
- University and Jepson Herbaria of UC-Berkeley - Model herbarium and database site
- Index Nominum Genericorum - Valid genera and synonyms
- Society for Growing Australian Plants - Indigenous plants
- American Bamboo Society - About bamboos
- Stein's Virtual Herbarium - on the Web
- Biota of North America Program (BONAP) - Checklist to the North American vascular plant flora
- Indices Nominum Supragenericorum Plantarum Vascularium - Valid names above the generic level
- Journey into the World of Cladistics - A routine technique in modern systematics
- Monocots versus Dicots
- W3TROPICOS Database
- Aquatic Plants
- Orchids of Wisconsin - An Interactive Flora - Online key
- Basic Botany images
- Flora of Europe - Photos, family and genus descriptions
- Australian National Botanic Gardens Biodiversity Server
- The Families of Flowering Plants - Authoritative WWW angiosperm systematics site
- PLANTS Database of the NRCS - plant names, symbols, distributions and attributes
- Angiosperm Systematics - Authoritative WWW angiosperm systematics site
- FUCHSIA - The Swedish Fuchsia Society
- Royal Botanic Gardens Kew
- Gymnosperms:
- The Wollemi Pine — a very rare discovery - all you ever wanted to know about Wollemi nobilis, Araucariaceae
- NOVA Online: Methuselah Tree - life cycle and ecology of the oldest plant, a gymnosperm - bristlecone pine
- PACSOA - Palm and Cycad Societies of Australia - digital images, nomenclature, common names and culture conditions for hundreds of plants
- BOTNET: North Carolina Botanical Information Network - model herbarium site for online data storage, currently gymnosperms
- Gymnosperm Database - Descriptions of 1,000 taxa.
- Virtual Cycad Encyclopedia - dichotomous keys, biology, evolution and links to these primitive gymnosperms
- Gymnosperm Database - taxonomy, ethnobotany, images, age and large specimens for numerous species
- Catalog of North American Gymnosperms - conifer and taxad herbarium data
- Gymnosperms of Australia and New Zealand - cycads, conifers, taxads with maps, drawings, photos
- Flora of North America - Site of ambitious project to catalog all plants of America
- Ancient Bristlecone Pine
- Trees of the Pacific Northwest
- Pteridology (study of ferns & fern allies):
- Giant Horsetails - all about the giant Equisetums
- San Diego Fern Society - information about growing ferns, their biology, life cycle and ask questions at Fern Central
- Pteridophyte DNA C-Values Database - quantitative DNA amounts in picograms and megabasepairs (mbp) in ferns & fern allies (horsetails, club moss, spike moss, etc)
- Leptosporangiate Ferns - life cycle and phylogeny of Filicalean ferns
- Ferns from the Vercors (France) - text and images of ferns and fern allies
- Flora of North America - Site of ambitious project to catalog all plants of America
- The C-Fern - A Plant for Teaching and Research - Use of Ceratopteris as a model system
- American Fern Society (AFS) - Fern information, spore exchange and links
- Bryology (study of mosses & liverworts):
- Bryophyte Flora of North America - this web site coordinates and facilitates preparation of chapters for volumes 27, 28 and 29 of the Flora of North America (FNA)
- Moss Life Cycle - sexual reproductive cycle of pines, Phylum Bryophyta
- Res Botanica - botanical Latin, Bryophyte Flora of North America, bryological information, chestnuts, selected essays, floristics, history, and miscellaneous topics
- Secret Life of Mosses, Ferns, Flowers, Pines - instructional computer animations on plant life cycles
- Phylum Bryophyta - Mosses - descriptions and illustrations of some common & less common mosses
- Phylum Anthocerophyta - Hornworts - descriptions and illustrations of some common & less common hornworts
- Spore Dispersal in Bryophytes - spore dissemination of mosses & liverworts, includes images and mechanisms
- Mosses and Liverworts in Wales - introduction to types of mosses & liverworts, their habitat and species descriptions
- Hidden Forest: Bryophytes - descriptions and images of mosses, liverworts and hornworts, including family lists
- Cryptogamic Collections at the Swedish Museum of Natural History - scanned specimens of lichens and database of mushroom, algae and bryophyte collections
- Catalog of North American Bryophytes - mosses, liverworts and hornworts
- Cryptogams in Depth - images of fungi, bryophytes, lichens and slime molds
- World of Science: Mitosis - overview of nuclear and cell division
- The Canadian Sphagnum Peat Moss Association - A peat moss resource site by the Canadian Sphagnum Peat Moss Association
- American Bryological and Lichenological Society (ABLS) - Moss and lichen info and links
- Why Does Moss Only Grow on One Side of a Tree? - A child's Web site
- Lichen determination keys available on INTERNET - links to dichotomous keys for identification of lichens
- Lichenology (study of lichens):
- An Introduction to Lichens - beginning botany course level concise examination of lichens and their alga-fungus symbiosis
- Lichens, Tardigrades, and SO2 - Lichens as indicators of pollution, especially sulfur dioxide
- Lichen Information System - links to sites on lichen biology, collections, congresses and societies
- Hidden Forest: Lichens - images and descriptions of many lichen taxa
- Cryptogamic Collections at the Swedish Museum of Natural History - scanned specimens of lichens and database of mushroom, algae and bryophyte collections
- North American Lichen Project - ethnobotanical interfaces and basic biology are covered here
- Fun with Lichens - Database, images and species synoptic key
- Phycology (study of algae):
- UTEX Culture Collection of Algae - collection of over 3200 mostly freshwater alga with about 150 extremophilic algae
- Australian Freshwater Algae (BGT) - educational information on what an algae is and does, how algae are collected and cultured
- E-Flora BC: An Electronic Atlas of the Plants of British Columbia - diversity of plants in the Canadian province of British Columbia
- Pfiesteria and Harmful Algal Blooms in the Mid-Atlantic - Pfiesteria is a serious algae bloom species in the Atlantic Ocean in estuaries in North Carolina and Delaware and in the Chesapeake Bay
- South Florida Periphyton Research - databases on diatoms and other algae, research project information on the Everglades, paleoecology, mangrove algae and nutrient effects
- Cyanophyta - Cyanobacteria - formerly known as bluegreen algae. Site provides great detail on pigments, nitrogen fixation, diversity, common genera and their ecological role
- Chlorophyta - Green Algae - pigments, morphology, anatomy, life cycles and ecology
- Phaeophyta - Brown Algae about brown algae: their morphology, anatomy, life cycles and ecology
- Rhodophyta - The Red Algae - about red algae, their life cycles and ecology
- NOVA: Deep Sea Invasion - a marine alga presents a classic example of the danger of invasive species
- BL Web: Growing Dinoflagellates at Home - full instructions, proposed experiments, images and movies are provided
- Hawaiian Reef Algae - classroom site for marine algology
- Freakin Fucus -- Guide To Seaweeds and Phycology - algae of England, including structure, glossary, information on some genera
- AlgaeBase - scientific names and distribution of algae, cyanobacteria, seaweeds, seagrasses
- DINOFLAJ - Dinoflagellate Classification Database - suprageneric classification, index to fossil and extant genera
- Protist Image Data - cell structure, life history, classification and nomenclature of algae and other protists
- Kelp Forest and Rocky Subtitle Habitats - ecological reports on flora & fauna of kelp beds
- Littoral Zone: Fucus Fertilization - fertilization in a marine brown algae, Fucus serratus, serrated wrack
- Kelp Forests - taxonomy, ecology and succession of kelp beds
- Cryptogamic Collections at the Swedish Museum of Natural History - scanned specimens of lichens and database of mushroom, algae and bryophyte collections
- Biology of Green Euglenoids - taxonomic keys, images and morphology of Korean Euglena, Lepocinclis and Trachelomonas
- The Chlamydomonas Teaching Center - Resource guide to the culture and use of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii for teaching and research.
- Great Lakes Diatoms - introduction to freshwater diatoms with numerous photomicrographs
- Photomicrographs of Phytoplankton at the Clemson University Aquaculture Facility - Photomicrographs of some of the major phytoplankton.
- Aquaculture Facility Algae Guide - photomicrographs of freshwater algae
- Smallest Page on the Web - desmid and diatom microscopy site
- Paleopalynology, Fossil Pollen, Spore, Algae Home Page - intro site to the study of palynology w/dinoflagellate page
- Pfiesteria piscicida Page - environmental danger from a toxic dinoflagellate
- Harmful Algae Page
- Algae Home Page, Smithsonian Institution - collections, classification & economic uses
- Home of the Fossil Coralline Algae (Corallinaceae: Rhodophyta) - anatomy, distribution of red coralline algae
- Why Owens Lake is Red! - Halophilic organisms in salt lakes and playas.
- Marine Botany - Algal and benthic marine habitats of Monterey Bay
- Cyanosite - bluegreen algae reference and experimental protocol site
- Geniculate Coralline Red Algae
- The Diatom Collection of the California Academy of Sciences
- Michael R. Martin's Phytoplankton Images Library - Best site for freshwater algae micrographs
- Basic Botany images - A few algal pictures
- Protist Image Database
- Protist Database List
- Seaweed
- Mycology (study of fungi):
- Mycolog: Fungi -The Fifth Kingdom - online companion to a mycological encyclopedia
- MushroomExpert.Com - many details on collecting mushrooms, identifying poisonous ones
- Fungi of California - numerous species, photos and links
- World of Dermatophytes: A Pictorial - the fungus among us
- Mycology Society of America Slide Collection - habit and microscopic images of a diversity of fungus-related images, including ascomycetes, basidiomycetes, and many more
- Systematic botany and Mycology: Fungal Databases - free USDA databases on fungi, nomenclature, distribution and literature
- MycoKey - site on fungi of Denmark with systematics, online taxonomic key and database
- Forest Fungi of New Zealand - encyclopedic Hidden Forest site on fungus biology, ecology
- Truffle.Org - dichotomous keys to truffles and ectomycorrhizae
- Forest Slime Molds of New Zealand - descriptions, life cycle, and images of cellular and plasmodial slime molds
- Agaricales of the Hawaiian Islands - Documentation of mushroom species in the Hawaiian Archipelago.
- Cryptogamic Collections at the Swedish Museum of Natural History - scanned specimens of lichens and database of mushroom, algae and bryophyte collections
- Mycology Labs at the University of Tennessee - botanical nomenclature tutorial, glosssary of -onyms, Pleurotus systematics, molecular techniques protocols for field work of fungi, and links
- The Mushroom Genus Laccaria in North America - fungi, taxomonic key, phylogeny
- Mycorrhiza Information Exchange - plant-fungus symbiosis site with lots of features
- North American Mycological Association - Organization dedicated to the study and enjoyment of mushrooms.
- Mycorrhiza Information Exchange Web Site - bibliography of fungi, hosts & symbiosis
- MyxoWeb - slime molds, myxomycetes
- INRA Scientific Database Servers - links, databases, DNA, mychorrhizae, insects
- Fungi Photos - Hobbist's JPEGs of Welsh fungi
- Introduction to the Fungi - Introductory WWW site on fungi
- WWW Mycology Resources - Authoritative fungus server
- Microbiology (study of prokaryotes)
- The Microbial Underground - Medical, Microbiological and Molecular Biological material on the internet.
- Bacteriology 303 Main Page - Course materials and study aids for bacteriology
- Virology (study of viruses)
- Descriptions of Plant Viruses (DPV) - characteristics and biology of over 390 plant viruses (some with fully sequenced genomes)
- Plant Viruses - ICTV index to virus classification and nomenclature
- The Bacteriophage Ecology Group - Phage ecology and evolutionary biology for viruses of bacteria
- Plant Virus Site - Images of many major plant viruses in the TEM
- WWW Virology Servers - Authoritative virus server
- Paleontology, Paleobiology, Paleobotany, Evolution
- Virtual Paleobotany Laboratory - geological history of plants and tools to understand paleobotany
- The Rhynie Chert and Its Flora - Descriptions of early land plants preserved in the Rhynie Cherts
- Paleopalynology, Fossil Pollen, Spore, Algae Home Page - intro site to the study of palynology w/dinoflagellate page
- Links for Palaeobotanists - paleobotany links to everything!
- Palaeobotanical Research Group - History of Palaeozoic Forests site
- Mazon Creek Plant Fossils
- Plant Fossils of West Virginia - Carboniferous lycopod, sphenophyte and fern images
- Bot 403-Plant Evolution - Example of an course site with a slightly expanded syllabus
- International Organisation of Palaeobotany
- Introduction to the Spermatophytes - Progymnosperms, cycads and anthophytes
- UCMP Web Time Machine - Paleontological WWW site. Time scale, some plants.
- American Fern Society (AFS) - Fern paleobotanical information and links
- Trees of Life, Plant Kingdom:
- BL14A BIODIVERSITY I: The Plant Kingdom - Introduction to plant biodiversity with an evolutionary perspective.
- Albion College Vascular Plant Image Gallery - photographs, subdivision and family descriptions
- The Tree of Life Home Page - Survey of diversity
- A Survey of the Plant Kingdoms - Pictorial survey of diversity
Databases:
- Botanical Literature:
- EPA ECOTOX Database System - database of toxicologically active chemicals on plants
- JSTOR - historical botany and scientific journals
- AGRICOLA - scientific literature database
- Index to American Botanical Literature - literature searches
- PubMed Central - electronic journal site for all of the sciences
- General:
- National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS) - has the goal of capturing plant diversity with potential uses in disease resistance, biochemistry, resistance to environmental stress
- Guide to Poisonous and Toxic Plants - list including house, garden, ornamental and wild plants of the continental US
- Index Nominum Supragenericorum Plantarum Vascularium - Valid names above the generic level
- Famine Foods Database - edible non-crop plants that have been consumed in times of famine
- Plants for the People - has the goal of providing an illustrated checklist to the world plants
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) - producing a metadatabase that will span biodiversity, molecular, genetic, systematic, ecological and ecosystem levels worldwide
- PLANTS DATABASE: National Database - metadata include checklists, distributional data, characteristics, images, references, crop information, links and more
- SERPIN: Southeastern Rare Plant Information Network - botanical data, literature, other resources relating to state or federal listed threatened or endangered plants
- The Evolutionary History of Green Plants - plant-centered tree of life addressing early green plant origins
- Plant diversity in Paraguay - database of Paraguayan plant specimens
- Deep Time Project - project is to integrate angiosperm phylogenies of living and extinct plants
- Index to Plant Chromosome Numbers (IPCN) - sporophytic, gametophytic and base chromosome counts
- Plants Database (part of Dave's Garden) - images and plant data
- Nature Conservancy Carribean Island Metadata - vegetation maps of Carribean islands from GIS data
- ETI's World Biodiversity Database - databases to species, taxonomists and molecular biology resources
- HortPlex Plant Database - search plants by scientic or common name
- Plant Kaleidoscope - database of cultivated rare and unusual plants in Europe
- Flora Accounts Online - features online Flora of China, Flora of North America, and Moss Flora of China
- Global Invasive Species Database - information about weedy & nuisance species that replace native plants & animals
- Deep Green Hyperbolic Trees - interactive phylogenetic tree of green life
- Specimen MAnagement System for California Herbaria (SMASCH) Project - model herbarium database for California plants
- DRYAD - a database of trees - search trees by genus or characteristics
- British Wildflowers Online - search engine driven site for identification of wildflowers
- Canadian Poisonous Plants Information System - databases to common poisonous plants found in the home and outdoors in Canada
- Plant Viruses Online - virus database with information on host susceptibility and relationships, with electronmicrograph images, DNA sequences, other info
- International Plant Names Index (IPNI) - names and associated bibliography of primary sources for plant taxa
- Kew Record of Taxonomic Literature - literature references by taxon
- Proposals to Conserve and/or Reject Plant Names - database of challenged scientific names
- US Botanical Type Specimen Register - United States National Herbarium (US) collection information
- Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) - chemical reference site
- Plant Diversity at Bullshoals Field Station - wildflower plant images and habitat database
- University of Tennessee Herbarium (TENN) - model bryophyte, fungi and vascular plant herbarium site, with maps and database
- Common Names Look-up Index - 25,000 listings currently; see also the linked glossary!
- Desert USA Flora - images and data on common arid plants of North America
- Threatened Plants of the World - rare, endangered, vulnerable, and extinct plants
- Gymnosperm Database - Descriptions of 1,000 taxa.
- National Biological Information Infrastructure - BioBot search engine and links to government and privately maintained biological information.
- eNature.com - Online Audubon Field Guides
- MDchoice.com - Access to 6,000 medical journals, articles, and databases.
- Multisite Living Collections Searches - search for living plants
- BoDD - the Botanical Dermatology Database - chemical nature of poisons, plant dermatitis and allergy
- WHACHAMACALIT! The Common Name - dictionary of common names
- Peter Bostock's Botanical Latin Home Page - Latin translation program
- Fire Effects Information System (FEIS) - species specific plant research information & glossary
- National Biological Information Infrastructure - Gateway to biological data maintained by government agencies and cooperating partners.
- The USGS-NPS Vegetation Mapping Program - Protocols and methods used in mapping vegetation communities in U.S. National Parks.
- University of Connecticut Plant Database - Woody ornamentals database featuring plants grown in the northeastern United States.
- Botanical Society of America Online Image Collection - instructional images
- NeoFlora Database - Cultivated plant database.
- USDA PPQ Scientific Services - Federal lists of noxious weeds, plant viruses, and endangered species.
- Taxonomy of Landscape Plants - nomenclature & identification site with database of ornamental plants; useful taxonomic links
- Poisonous Plants of Nova Scotia - medicines, toxins and poisons from native plants
- Plants Toxic to Animals - databases to common poisonous plants found outdoors
- Park Search: The Outdoors at Your Fingertips - database on national & state parks, forests and wildlife refuges
- Atlas Florae Europaeae Database - software for mapping and analyzing plant distribution, w/ statistical tools
- Endangered Species Home Page - U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
- INVADERS Database System - invading exotic species of the Northwest US
- Plant Names Project - implementation of a project for the 2000s
- Agricultural Network Information Center - online references for plant information
- Andean Botanical Information System - Floristics and Taxonomy of the Flora of the Andes
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) - database of scientifically valid names ot taxa
- Online Vegetation and Plant Distribution Maps - encyclopedic set of map links, including fossils
- Molecular:
- International Rice Genome Sequencing Project (IRGSP) - genomic database for Oryza sativa (japonica and indica sequences included) and molecular tools are included
- MSU: Plant Specific Database - excellent research resource for plant molecular biology, especially for Arabidopsis genomics
- AREX: The Arabidopsis Gene Expression Database - microarray data and traditional in situ hybridization results of molecular biology
- AmiGO! Your friend in the Gene Ontology - a metadatabase on genes and functional genomics
- Plant DNA C-values Database - comparison of DNA quantity of angiosperms, gymnosperms, pteridophytes and bryophytes
- Maize Mapping Project - high throughput data on Zea mays genetics, chromosomes, genetic information, ESTs, BACs, InDels, and more
- Gene Ontology Consortium - a consistent vocabulary for all organisms, genes, proteins and protein roles
- AGBIOS :: GM Database - encyclopedic site on transgenic and genetically engineered crop plants
- NSF Net Center for Plant Genomics - meta-database of all that is currently known for plants
- PlantsT: Functional Genomics of Plant Transporters - intramembrane proteins, transporters and related genechips
- ChromDB: The Plant Chromatin Database - chromatin organization, BLAST sequences and research references
- Entrez Genome - taxomonic portal to available genomes and the entire DNA sequence of model organisms including Arabidopsis
- ISIS - Intron Sequence and Information database - post-transcriptional mRNA processing data
- NCBI Entrez Taxonomy Homepage - phylogenetic relationships of all organisms as a means of cataloging genome & proteome data
- Microbial Genomics - introduction to genomics of microbes (including viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa and microalgae)
- Angiosperm DNA C-Values Database - quantitative DNA amounts in picograms and megabasepairs (mbp)
- Pteridophyte DNA C-Values Database - quantitative DNA amounts in picograms and megabasepairs (mbp) in ferns & fern allies (horsetails, club moss, spike moss, etc)
- The Institute for Genomic Research (TIGR) Databases - Arabidopsis, rice, maize, tomato, potato and soy genomic information
- UK CropNet - DNA sequence data, ESTs, genomic information on UK crop and model plants
- ARS Genome Database Resource - DNA sequence data, ESTs, genomic information on crop and model plants
- MaizeDB: the Maize Genome Database - corn informatics/genomics database, featuring ESTs, primers, genes
- WWW-VL Biotechnology - link sites, including bioengineering companies and projects
- RNABase: The RNA Structure Database - tRNAs, rRNAs, mRNAs and an RNA primer
- Arabidopsis.Com - Lehle Seeds - everything Arabidopsis: research community, patents, latest bulletins, seeds
- Plant Genome Databases - A Tutorial - introduction to the plant genome projects
- Protein Data Bank - 3-D structure of macromolecules
- Protein Kinase Resource - enzymes critical downstream to signal transduction pathways
- Plant Genome Database Collaboration - links to Arabidopsis, wheat, corn, soybeans and forest trees
- Angiosperms (principally):
- M. Blinnikov's Phytolith Gallery - numerous images in light and scanning electron microscopy
- Angiosperm Phylogeny Website - reference site to flowering plant orders, families, phylogenetic trees
- UCMP Paleobotany: Cleared Leaf Collections - systematic collection including images and collection data
- Bibliography of References Related to Seed Dormancy and/or Germination in Higher Plants - authoritative collection of references from 1890 to the present
- Palm Tree Photo Gallery - 1544 digital images of mostly cultivated palms
- WattleWeb - Wattles of New South Wales - Acacias of Australia with an online dichotomous key
- Native Orchids of Canada - illustrated database on Canadian orchids
- Grass Images from Texas A & M Bioinformatics Working Group - classical drawings of 389 Poaceae, including spikelet details
- NatureServe - encyclopedic data on species status, maps, references and other reports
- Flora Danica Online - collection of over 3000 ancient plant images
- Virtual Palm Encyclopedia - dichotomous keys, biology, evolution and links
- Rooting Database - Rooting methods for 501 frequently grown plants.
- Floraguide - links, forum, searcher site, photographs
- Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database - guide to common names and species synonyms
- The Charles B. Graves Herbarium at Connecticut College - Database of the Charles B. Graves Herbarium at Connecticut College
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Greenhouses - Living plant collections at the University of Connecticut.
- A Synonymized Checklist of the Vascular Flora of the United States, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands - North American species checklist
- Seed Germination Database
- Wealth of the Rainforest: Pharmacy to the World - database, links, images and articles on the Amazonian rainforest
- INRA Scientific Database Servers - links, databases, DNA, mychorrhizae, insects
- WWW Ethnobotanical Resource Directory - education opportunities, links, research, database, conferences
- International Organization for Plant Information (IOPI) - databases, host to GlobalPlant Checklist Project and Database of Plant Databases
- Agricultural Network Information Center - online references for plant information
- World Wide Flowering Plant Family Identification Key - a checklist of 174 morphological characteristics and 6 geographical regions
- Cornell University's Poisonous Plant Page - Plants, active phytochemicals, animal affects and links
- Plant Genome Database Collaboration - links to Arabidopsis, wheat, corn, soybeans and forest trees
- Missouri Botanical Garden - Research, education, images, virtual tours, floras, databases
- Flowerbase Image Database - About 7,000 color photos (multilingual Dutch site)
- TreeBASE - Database of Phylogenetic Knowledge - Access published phylogenetic trees from the literature
- Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh - Gardens and European searchable database
- University and Jepson Herbaria of UC-Berkeley - Model herbarium and database site
- Common Names for Plant Diseases - Database of plant crop hosts and their diseases
- Flora of North America - Site of ambitious project to catalog all plants of America
- Index Nominum Genericorum - Valid genera and synonyms
- The Plant Tracker - versatile plant database
- FLORIN Databases - For herbaria
- W3TROPICOS Database
- Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases - ARS resource on ecology, ethnobotany, Native American food and medicine plants, plant chemistry
- Arabidopsis/Saccharomyces Genome Databases - Databases
- Carnivorous Plants Database - Everything you wanted to know
- Henriette's Herbal Homepage - Access to a plant name database
- Gymnosperms:
- BOTNET: North Carolina Botanical Information Network - model herbarium site for online data storage, currently gymnosperms
- Palynology (study of pollen):
- USDA, ARS, APMRU Pollen Lab - ~7500 specimen collection with vouchers, light micrographs, scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) images
- American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology’s (AAAAI) Aeroallergen Network - information about allergies to pollen and spores
- PalDat - Palynological data of the University of Vienna Institute of Botany.
- Palynological laboratory - Pollen Service - aerobiology, pollen and spore related links
- Paleopalynology, Fossil Pollen, Spore, Algae Home Page - intro site to the study of palynology w/dinoflagellate page
- North American Pollen Database (NAPD)
- NOAA Paleoclimatology Program
- European Pollen Database
- Global Pollen Database
- Latin American Pollen Database
- Lichens / Fungi:
- DEEMY: Characterization and DEtermination of EctoMYcorrhizae - research database for identifying and characterizing ectomycorrhizae fungus-plant interactions w/images
- ITALIC - Information System on Italian Lichens - database featuring over 2100 images of 1400 species of Italian lichens
- Fun with Lichens - Database, images and species synoptic key
- Protists / Algae:
- UTEX Culture Collection of Algae - collection of over 3200 mostly freshwater alga with about 150 extremophilic algae
- AlgaeBase - scientific names and distribution of algae, cyanobacteria, seaweeds, seagrasses
- World Data Centre for Microorganisms (WDCM) - links for phylogenetic analysis, genome projects, biodiversity, culture collections
- Home of the Fossil Coralline Algae (Corallinaceae: Rhodophyta) - anatomy, distribution of red coralline algae
- Cyanosite - bluegreen algae reference and experimental protocol site
- University and Jepson Herbaria of UC-Berkeley - Algal database at site
- The Diatom Collection of the California Academy of Sciences
- Protist Image Database
- Protist Database List
Pictorial Resources (Illustrations):
- Botanical Documentation Institutes/Societies:
- The Art of Botanical Illustration - online special exhibition on the development of botanical art from herbals to the present
- American Society of Botanical Artists - Organization with art tour dates
- Hunt Institute for Botanical Documentation - History and illustration site
- Drawings and Paintings:
- Margaret Saul's Botanical Art - botanical art that attracts attention to the indiginous flora
- Endeavour Botanical Illustrations at the Natural History Museum - most of the botanical drawings and engravings are available in searchable form
- Paintings representing the work of systematic botanists at The New York Botanical Garden (1995-2000) - images of tropical plants and animals studied at NYBG
- Center for Aquatic and Invasive Plants - APIRS database, extensive image and drawing collections, encyclopedic information on aquatic plants
- Traveling Artist Wildflowers Project - watercolor paintings of wildflowers from the Great Plants and Intermountain Southwest
- Michael R. Martin's Aquatic Plant Image Library - drawings and digital images of aquatic plants, including some invasive ones
- Donald Angus Collection of Botanical Prints - prints from monographs and journals of the 18th and 19th century
- Botanical Art from the Gordon Craig Gallery in London UK - virtual gallery and future location of Curtis' Botanical Magazine
- Grass Images from Texas A & M Bioinformatics Working Group - classical drawings of 389 Poaceae, including spikelet details
- Biodidac - Cooperative bank of digital resources for teaching organismal biology.
- - Pictures and descriptions of herbals and natural history works of the Renaissance.
- The Russian Painter Home Page - eclectic images of interesting plants
- Virtual Botanical Gallery - paintings of tropical fruits, British flowers, medicinal plant and gardens
- Paintings of Native Australian Plants - color paintings of Australian endemics
- Köhler's Medizinal Pflanzen, 1887 - drawings of 287 European economically important plants
- Leonhard Fuchs' Botanical, 1545 - a scanned medieval herbal
- Gymnosperms of Australia and New Zealand - cycads, conifers, taxads with maps, drawings, photos
- Wendy Brockman: Botanical Art - botanical illustration
- Gallery Foyer - Access to image galleries of bulbous plants.
- Parasitic Plant Connection - maps, descriptions, photographs, references, DNA
- Botanical Watercolors by Carol Wickenhiser-Schaudt - nice collection of paintings
- The Tulip Book of P. Cos - 1637 - Tulip catalog of 1600's
- BIODIDAC Picture Resources - Color and B/W drawings of life histories for fungi, algae and 'higher' plants
- Aquatic Plants - line drawings
- Smithsonian Catalog of Botanical Illustrations - Line drawings
- Bilder ur Nordens Flora - Color drawings
- Photographs
- Bromeliad Society International - share a vast image collection, seeds, register cultivars, share research and gardening tips, publish, share information
- Interesting Botanical Places of Newfoundland and Labrador - growing collection of images reflecting some of the ecological niches in this maritime province of Canada
- Digital Flora of Newfoundland and Labrador Vascular Plants - over 1300 vascular plant species from the Annotated Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Newfoundland and Labrador
- Digital Flora of Texas - links to herbarium specimen data, vascular plant images, bibliographic references, and checklists
- Images de la Flore de France - in French
- Stapeliads: Orchids of the Succulent World - carrion pollinated flies with beautiful flowers
- ePIC: Electronic Plant Information Center - bibliographic and taxonomic databases from Kew and the Internet
- Sticky Situation Desert Site - lots of images of xerophytic plants and desert adaptations
- Dendrological Plant Image Gallery - devoted to the study of trees and presented in German, English and Spanish
- Great Petaluma Desert: Home of the Fat Plants - view South African natives and other pachyform plants
- Eye of Science: Life in a Microcosmic World - artistic electron microscopic imaging of the world in which we live
- Virginia Tech: Weed Identification Guide - numerous images of the most common weeds
- Bamboo - images for many major bamboo genera, with notes, slide shows, cooking instructions/recipes
- Southeastern U.S. Plants - characteristic Southeast US plants by flowering date, common name, scientific name, family and thumbnail image
- Bioimages: Plant Features - pages on sexual systems, pollination syndromes, gymnosperm cones, fruit development, fruit and seed dispersal, non-seed plant life cycles and biology of some invasive plants (particularly of Tennessee)
- Native Orchids of Provence (France) - native orchids, including images, maps, and descriptions
- Forest & Kim Starr's Photographs - over 6000 images of 900 native and non-native Hawaiian plants; insects, other organisms, publications, maps also
- Australian Plant Images - images of native Australian plants - a huge collection
- BioFinder - Image Database - images representing numerous different families of plants
- My Wildflowers - searchable database of wildflower photos from western Pennsylvania
- Photographic Tour: Nature in British Columbia - recognizable flora and fauna of British Columbia
- Lapshin's Succulent Photogallery - 250 images (or more) of genera and growth habits of a wide variety of succulent plants
- Hort.Net - many high quality images, plant news, information and links
- Plants Database (part of Dave's Garden) - images and plant data
- Internet Orchid Species Photo Encyclopedia - photos collected from collector/growers around the world
- Wisconsin Vascular Plants and Lichens - resources include search by family, genus, common name, county, a key to the conifers and "What's Blooming"
- Fotoweb 2000 - Plantas - 811 images of tropical plants of Northern Brazil
- Lycaeum Images - plant images and plant products
- Images from Birmingham Botanical Gardens - digital images from nature
- Malvaceae Pages - resource page for images, generic descriptions, classification
- Images of Dry Tropical Habitat - images from Argentina, Kenya, Madagascar, Mexico, Namibia, Oman and Somalia
- Photographic Atlas of Plant Anatomy - 53 topics and numerous microscopic images are featured
- Wildflowers of the Backbone Trail - digital images of southern California wildflowers
- BBC Wild - Image Site - images of nature
- UW System Botanical Image Library - instructural images and animations (Macromedia authorware) on many botanical topics
- BIODIC Image Gallery - gallery of over 1000 scanning and transmission electron microscopic images of plants, chloroplasts, mitochondria, Golgi etc.
- Cycad Photo Gallery - digital images of mostly cultivated cycads
- Palm Tree Photo Gallery - 1544 digital images of mostly cultivated palms
- Premier Cactus Photo Gallery - hundreds of excellent cactus images by genus and species
- Kazuo Yamasaki's Madagascar Image Site - Madagascar image collection of plants and animals in over 150 images
- Yamasaki Lab Plant Photo Gallery - Asian plant database with over 1200 images
- ITALIC - Information System on Italian Lichens - database featuring over 2100 images of 1400 species of Italian lichens
- World of Dermatophytes: A Pictorial - the fungus among us
- Botanical Image Database, University of Basel - plants, vegetation and pollinator images
- Forestry Images - forest plants, insects, silviculture, invasive organisms, natural scenes
- CSU Stanislaus Botany Image Collection - 500 images of floral and microscope images for instructional use
- Plant Biology Images - photomicrographic and macrographic images of microscopic images
- Plants of Western Washington Collection - Model for MSIE-based digital image collections
- Protist Image Data - cell structure, life history, classification and nomenclature of algae and other protists
- Michigan Wildflowers 2000 - excellent digital image site for Michigan wildflowers
- Les Dunes Atlantiques (The Atlantic Dunes) - view of Atlantic and Mediterranean dunes with many dune floral images
- Plants of the Northwoods - images and descriptions of trees, shrubs, herbs, fern allies, mosses, lichens & liverworts
- Photography of Southern New Jersey - images and virtual tour of New Jersey Pine Barrens, shores and the Delaware River & Bay
- FAO Digital Image Site - images of crop & non-crop plants and agricultural practices
- Plant Image Gallery - over 2000 images from Europe, Costa Rica and Galapagos Islands
- Wildflowers of British Columbia - images, habitat, habit and fascinating facts
- Steve's Photos - digital flower and plant images with reproductive organs well displayed
- Missouri Wildflower Guide - Midwest US floral guide
- Desert USA Flora - images and data on common arid plants of North America
- Flora Danica Online - collection of over 3000 ancient plant images
- Carrefour BIODIDAC - collection of images for teaching
- Horticopia - some plant information and images
- Gymnosperm Database - taxonomy, ethnobotany, images, age and large specimens for numerous species
- El Desierto Florido - South American Atacama desert floral images
- Noble Foundation Plant Image Site - prairie picture gallery
- A Tenerife Photo-Essay - Photo-essay and botanical and local information about plants of the Canary Islands.
- Floraguide - links, forum, searcher site, photographs
- Spectacular Diversity of New Zealand Plants - introductory biodiversity site
- Zen's WNC Nature Notebook - excellent Appalachian wildflower site with plant & fungi descriptions & flowering times
- On the Prairie: Prairie Resources and Games - a game, photo gallery, distribution and species of this ecosystem
- WA Native Plant Page - Western Australian endemic plant images
- ARS Image Gallery - image library of plants, crops, fruits, vegetables, research, insects
- Virtual Foliage Home Page - thousands of images on many topics at University of Wisconsin
- Plant Biology Images - Plant biology image gallery, labelled for home study.
- John Kunkel Small Photo Collection -Photographs of botanist John Kunkel Small's early twentieth century Florida expeditions.
- Biology 211: Flowering Plant Taxonomy - Photographically illustrated introduction to flowering plant taxonomy
- Plant Biology at OSU Lima - Slide collection for teaching Plant Biology 101.
- Botanical Society of America Online Image Collection - instructional images of anatomy, biogeography, ecology, palynology, and other topics
- Stokes Tropicals - online plant catalog with plant images and information
- Tropical Fruits - pictorial site covering mangos, coffee, bananas & much more
- Photomicrographs of Phytoplankton at the Clemson University Aquaculture Facility - Photomicrographs of some of the major phytoplankton.
- Wildflower Nirvana - Close up images of various wildflowers and their floral parts.
- Aquaculture Facility Algae Guide - photomicrographs of freshwater algae
- Wildflower Nirvana - excellent photographs
- Smallest Page on the Web - desmid and diatom microscopy site
- Big Bend National Park - virtual tour
- Cryptogams in Depth - images of fungi, bryophytes, lichens and slime molds
- World of Science: Mitosis - overview of nuclear and cell division
- Botanic Garden of Smith College - model site worth emulating
- Microscopy: The Tree Collection - microscopic wood sections and information
- Costa Rican Rain Forest Ecology Field Trip - slide show of tropical rainforest
- The Tallest, Biggest and Oldest Trees - slide show for teaching
- Joe Armstrong's Course Sites - economic botany photo essays on cassava, coir, paper, rubber
- The Charms of Duckweed - everything you wanted to know about duckweed, including classroom exercises for K-12 or college
- Cornell Plantations - Living Plant Collections at Cornell University
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Greenhouses - Living plant collections at the University of Connecticut.
- Brasilian Orchids - photographs, breeding, floral anatomy
- Galleria Carnivora - carnivorous plants
- Cal's Plant of the Week - photographs, plant propagation
- Pennsylvania Flora Project - illustrated plant database
- Gymnosperms of Australia and New Zealand - cycads, conifers, taxads with maps, drawings, photos
- Album of the Plants of Israel - photographs
- The Cycad Society - dedicated to among the oldest living gymnosperms
- Albion College Vascular Plant Image Gallery - photographs, subdivision and family descriptions
- School Resources from Microscopy-UK - Slides for Mammal and Plant Biology
- Floral Radiographs: The Secret Garden - x-rays of common flowers
- Orchids of Indonesia - photographs, map, biogeography
- Color Landform Atlas of the United States - good tools for biogeography, satellite, county maps, links
- Seagrass - taxonomy, distribution, references and large collection of images
- Boyce Thompson Southwestern Arboretum - plant care, gardens, deserts and legume site with photographic images
- Florida Wildflower Showcase - Nice photo site with hundreds of pictures, including some pollinators
- Scientific information on Chile Peppers - Photos, capsaicinoid chemistry and uses of hot peppers (genus Capsicum)
- Vascular Plant Families Photographic site (University of Hawaii) - over 225 families represented
- Picture It: Great graphics for busy biology teachers - some of the best graphic sites for plants, molecules, ecology, genetics and biology
- University of Kansas Image Archive - searchable database of ~370 images of plants and animals
- Fungi Photos - Hobbist's JPEGs of Welsh fungi
- Weed Images - New Jersey Agricultural Weed Gallery
- Missouri Botanical Garden - Research, education, images, virtual tours, floras, databases
- Dendrology Page (FNR 225) - Identify twigs and shrubs, dictionary
- Fun with Lichens - Database, images and species synoptic key
- Plant Virus Site - Images of many major plant viruses in the TEM
- Tree World - Nice elementary tree site
- Wildflowers of Alabama - Photos, nice write-ups on selected genera
- Flowerbase Image Database - About 7,000 color photos (multilingual Dutch site)
- Lotus in Japan - Pictorial Lotus site
- Plants of the New Jersey Pinelands (Pine Barrens) - virtual tour and photo site
- Oklahoma Wildflowers - 150 nice digital images
- Indigenous Trees of Gauteng - Tree images of a high plateau in South Africa
- Society for Growing Australian Plants - Indigenous plants
- Wayne's Word - Natural history & plant trivia
- Trees of the Pacific Northwest
- BIODIDAC Picture Resources - Pictures of many groups for general botany, including fungi and algae
- Orchids of Wisconsin - An Interactive Flora
- Henriette's Herbal Homepage - Angiosperms (usually) from Finland, Berlin and Kew
- Michael R. Martin's Phytoplankton Images Library - Best site for freshwater algae micrographs
- Basic Botany images - Plant anatomy micrographs & a few algae
- Flora of Europe - Photos, family and genus descriptions
- Protist Image Database - A handful of algal micrographs (representative of phyla)
- Aquatic Plants - Mainly angiosperms
- Australian National Botanic Gardens Biodiversity Server - Mainly angiosperms, some gymnos, ferns
- Smithsonian Catalog of Botanical Illustrations - A few families so far
- Vascular Plants Image Gallery - Broad collection of angiosperms
- Wisconsin Slide Collection - Broad collection of angiosperms, gymnosperms, ferns, microscopy views also
- Wildflowers
Classroom-of-the-Net:
- Elementary School (K-8 and K-12)
- Evergreen Native Plant Database: Lesson Plans - K-12 nature-based lesson plans from Canada
- Science Toys - a site celebrating the science around us, for K-8 and hobbyists
- Science and Plants for Schools (SAPS) - K-12 resources including worksheets, experiments for the classroom, courses & kits, a Q&A section and newsletter
- Science Netlinks - lesson plans, activities, reviewed web sites and learning goals for K-12
- Lifestyles of the Extreme and Adapted - sample lesson plan for elementary and secondary education
- Why do leaves change color in the Fall? - autumn coloration explained, with word jumbles, inquiry-based experiments
- Natural Inquirer - PDF newsletter for grade 4 to 9 students; topics focus on forests, fire & the environment (teacher's guide available)
- AskERIC: Lesson Plans in Botany - educational exercises using plants in the classroom
- Growing Pains: Assessing the Complexities in Plant Growth and Reproduction - sample lesson plan for elementary and secondary education
- Learning about the Rainforest - designed for grades 4-8, there are lessons, facts, references/links, student art, quizzes and Quicktime movies
- Actionbioscience.Org - model educational site with articles and lessons on biodiversity, environment, genomics, biotechnology, evolution, new frontiers and biology education
- Energy and Recycling - everything you wanted to know about garbage, with kid's site, quizzes, statistics and links
- Kid's Valley Webgarden - K-5 page on growing plants, understanding flowers, veggies, herbs, shrubs and more
- Why do leaves change color in the Fall? - outreach effort of the NSF-ASU Photosynthesis Center
- Photosynthesis, Energy and Life - an elementary school science site
- Why Leaves Change Color - pigment changes and best conditions for viewing leaf coloration in the fall
- Telegarden - robotic plant care over the Internet
- The McIntosh Apple Development Poster - online poster, class exercises, web sites, history
- The Mysterious Venus' Flytrap - how the carnivorous Venus flytrap captures insects
- All About Plants - ThinkQuest Junior site on plants
- Seeds of Change Garden - learn about seeds and growing plants
- Ugly Bug Contest Home Page - insects, spiders and bugs viewed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM)
- Insecta Inspecta World - questions and answers (FAQs) about entomology
- Fun Facts about Fungi - kids' pages with games, puzzles and experiments
- Why Leaves Change Color - pigment changes and leaf senescence in the fall
- Science Projects on Music and Sound - why shouldn't music have an effect on plants
- www.seabean.com - drift seeds from around the world
- IPL Science Fair Project Resources Guide - a nice how-to-do site with useful links
- SciEd: Science and Mathematics Education Resources - science education site with class activities & resources
- The Charms of Duckweed - everything you wanted to know about duckweed, including classroom exercises for K-12 or college
- Plants and Our Environment - ThinkQuest Junior site by fourth graders!
- Great Plant Escape - grade school site with teacher's guide
- Biology Lessons for Prospective and Practicing Teachers - Online lessons for teaching concepts of biology to students K-8.
- Florida Plants Online - everything about Florida! good Young Naturalist's page
- Access Excellence Activity Exchange - classroom exercises and multimedia mystery site
- Jason Project - K-12 science education resource for teachers and students
- The School Page: The Educator's Resource - for K-12, email educators, book reviews, links
- ThinkQuest Library of Entries - Winning educational Web sites of 12-18 year old students
- National Gardening Association's Kids and Classrooms - Classroom exercises
- Center for Plant Conservation - Information, pictures, a quiz and strategies
- Fun with Lichens - Database, images and species synoptic key
- Tree World - Nice elementary tree site
- ASU Photosynthesis Center - Explanations and exercises
- Why Does Moss Only Grow on One Side of a Tree? - A child's Web site
- Curious Kids Science Newsletter - A beginning site
- kids page - Flowers and reproduction
- Microscopy Resources for K-12 Education - Microscopy resources for kids
- General Botany
- Plants and their Structure - an online text - an anthology of some fine individual content sites largely featured before
- WWF - Biomes and Biogeographical Realms - perhaps the best and most complete of the world biome sites with great precision for local ecoregions and lots of detail, lots of images
- Ant Plants - plants with ants as tenants and caretakers, images of domatia, Myrmecodia and Hydnophytum
- UBC Cell Biology Bio-Media Database - search engine-driven site featuring many microscopic images, specializing in cells
- Amazing Plants Website - course and professional resources including families of flowering plants, study tips and a large link site
- Botanical Society of America's Statement on Evolution - nicely written essay on plants and evolution by the BSA
- Atlas of Plant Anatomy - image-based overview of cell & tissues, roots, stems, and leaves
- Why do leaves change color in the Fall? - autumn coloration explained, with word jumbles, inquiry-based experiments
- ExploreLearning: Photosynthesis - ecological physiological modeling of phtotosynthesis action spectrum, intensity and oxygen production
- Pine (Gymnosperm) Life Cycle - sexual reproductive cycle of pines, Phylum Coniferophyta
- Fern Life Cycle - reproductive cycle of ferns, Division Pteridophyta
- Moss Life Cycle - sexual reproductive cycle of pines, Phylum Bryophyta
- Secret Life of Mosses, Ferns, Flowers, Pines - instructional computer animations on plant life cycles
- Basic Microscopy-An Important Skill for Plant Pathologists - what all students should know about microscopy
- Prokaryotes, Eukaryotes, & Viruses - six kingdoms of life described, illustrated and explained, including functional and evolutionary relationships
- Plant Development and Differentiation - introductory course on plant biology
- Plant Diversity BIOL 266 - introduction to plant and allied phyla (older term: divisions) and the kingdom of life
- Plant Hormones and Growth Regulatory Substances - information on plant hormones & biotechnological applications
- Angiosperm Anatomy - Excellent introduction to plant anatomy of monocots and dicots
- BOTANY Online - The Internet Hypertextbook - incredible online botany textbook
- Why Leaves Change Color - pigment changes and best conditions for viewing leaf coloration in the fall
- Worldbiomes.Com - aquatic, desert, forest, grasslands, and tundra are covered here
- PlantCare.Com - growing plants and tips on how to care for them
- CBCN Botanists-in-Training! - laboratory exercises, quizzes, information and cartoons of plant structures, including anatomy
- The McIntosh Apple Development Poster - online poster, class exercises, web sites, history
- The Mysterious Venus' Flytrap - how the carnivorous Venus flytrap captures insects
- Plant Evolution - one-page summary on land plant evolution from algae to gymnosperms w/quiz
- Cloud Forest Alive - a specialized biome in the tree canopy of the tropical rain forest
- Pollination Lecture of ENT 2004 - insects and pollination, distance learning
- Botany Online: The Hypertextbook - Botany Hypertextbook project from the University of Hamburg.
- Plant Growth Substances - plant hormones, auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin, abscisic acid (ABA), ethylene
- Seeds of Change Garden - learn about seeds and growing plants
- Desert Botanical Garden - virtual tours of arid-adapted xerophytes
- Botany: dealing with the unknown - Web Notes for an Introduction to Plant Biology.
- Botany 1050: Introduction to Botany - full-featured intro site with online photographs, genetic code, "code cracker," measurement converter, EvolveIT simulation, geologic time chart
- The Basic Principles of Genetics - Tutorials in Mendelian genetics, heredity, and Linnaean classification for the biological anthropologist.
- Reed College - Bio 332 - Vascular Plant Diversity - images, interactive online quiz, species databases, Trees of Reed College
- NATURE: The Seedy Side of Plants - television video & teaching resource
- Simple, Common, and Interesting Molecules - water, chlorophyll, ß-carotene, protein, DNA structures shown and more
- Why Leaves Change Color - pigment changes and leaf senescence in the fall
- Major Biomes of the World -Teaching module with maps and descriptions of eight world biomes.
- Plant Biology at OSU Lima - Slide collection for teaching Plant Biology 101.
- Great Lakes Diatoms - introduction to freshwater diatoms with numerous photomicrographs
- Hypermedia Glossary Of Genetic Terms - genetic terms from Mendel to molecular biology are defined
- The Last Straw: Plants and Water Stress - introductory tutorial with virtual lab and quizzes
- Catalog of North American Bryophytes - mosses, liverworts and hornworts
- Tropical Fruits - pictorial site covering mangos, coffee, bananas & much more
- Botanical - quiz, medicinal and extraordinary plants, cartoon animations
- Experimental Science Projects: An Intermediate Level Guide - an introduction to the scientific method
- Anthophyta - Flowering Plants - online tutorial and overview of angiosperms
- ENSIWEB - Evolution and Nature of Science - evolution and origin of life lesson plans
- DNA From the Beginning - tutorial and reference material on molecular biology
- Biology of Plants - Raven, Evert and Eichhorn - textbook companion site
- AquaBotanic - aquatic and aquarium plants
- Hypertextbook: Photosynthesis - primary productivity
- Glycolysis - glucose pathways
- Fun Science Gallery: Herbarium - plant collecting tutorial
- World of Science: Mitosis - overview of nuclear and cell division
- Omnicyber Plant Family Key - online taxonomic dichotomous key
- Plant Molecular Biology - tutorials/essays on plant transformation, vocabulary, transgenic plants, DNA, genetics and more
- Molecular Expressions: Mitosis - great one page summary
- Biology of Horticulture - Q & A w/lab exercises relating to plant structure & function
- Costa Rican Rain Forest Ecology Field Trip - slide show of tropical rainforest
- The Tallest, Biggest and Oldest Trees - slide show for teaching
- Joe Armstrong's Course Sites - economic botany photo essays on cassava, coir, paper, rubber
- Why Study Plants? - introductory site
- Visual Models of Morphogenesis - fractal algorithms and models of virtual lifeforms are presented with QT movies
- Botany in the News! - articles from the national news media
- Plants In Motion - QuickTime (QT) movies on phototropism, geotropism, nutation, flower opening, plant growth
- Galleria Carnivora - carnivorous plants
- Seed Germination Database
- Albion College Vascular Plant Image Gallery - photographs, subdivision and family descriptions
- Trees and Shrubs of Iowa State University - encyclopedic guide to midwest trees
- Biological Foundations - Botany course materials for biology majors.
- Biology Safety Information - Safe procedures for the biological laboratory.
- Wealth of the Rainforest: Pharmacy to the World - database, links, images and articles on the Amazonian rainforest
- Virtual Classroom - University of Connecticut WWW courses
- Science and the Environment - news summary site
- EnviroLink - Environmental Link site
- Access Excellence Activity Exchange - classroom exercises and multimedia mystery site
- Biology Review Index Page - review pages for microscopy, procaryotes & viruses, cells, cell division, fermentation & respiration, unicells & filaments, thalloid & vascular plants, seed plant reproduction, seed plant sporophytes, and the leaf and photosynthesis
- Photosynthesis - overview with textbook images, a succinct review of chloroplasts, chlorophyll, light & action spectrum
- BOTN201 - Taxonomy of Flowering Plants - class notes, virtual tours, useful lab exercises and notes at Texas A & M
- Plants, People & the Environment - Model, full-featured website for introductory plant biology course, including online quizzes, grades, chat room, hot keys
- Vegetative Characteristics Used in Taxonomy Keys - exercises and glossary of morphology terms for angiosperms
- Reproductive Characteristics Used in Taxonomy Keys - exercises and glossary of morphology terms for angiosperms
- Flowering Plant Reproduction - life cycles, angiosperms and flowers are introduced in this review
- Fertilization and Fruits - gamete production, fertilization, embryogenesis and fruit production are introduced in this review
- Virtual Forest - CD-ROM model site for virtual reality of forest ecology and tree identification
- Web Molecular Biology Exercises - online tutorial / quiz for learning DNA dogma
- PBIO 100 - General Botany for Non-Majors - Model Intro Botany Course Web site
- Tree World - Nice elementary tree site
- Dendrology Page (FNR 225) - Identify twigs and shrubs, dictionary
- Fun with Lichens - Database, images and species synoptic key
- Do Plants Feel Pain? - Essay from Usenet
- Introduction to Tomatoes - Illustrated FAQ mainly about tomato development and structure (Lycopersicum esculentum)
- Center for Plant Conservation - Information, pictures, a quiz and strategies
- How Corn Grows - Illustrated developmental program of corn, Zea mays
- Basic Classification of Fruits of Flowering Plants (Angiosperms) - Intro level description of fruit formation, types and dispersal - no connect 6/9/99
- The C-Fern - A Plant for Teaching and Research - Use of Ceratopteris fern as a model system for reproduction
- Essential Elements for Plant Growth - Mineral nutrition in plants
- A Study of Plant Anatomy - Course notes for structural botany
- Seeds of Life - multimedia introduction to seeds
- HCS 300 - General Plant Biology - at Ohio State
- Missouri Botanical Garden - Research, education, images, virtual tours, floras, databases
- Bio 332 Biology of Plants - at East CT State
- A botanical fruit collection - Clickable map and identifications
- Trees of the Pacific Northwest
- FAQs about Tree and Shrub Care
- Biology Hypertextbook Chapters - Good intro chapters on cells, chemistry, DNA
- Wayne's Word - Natural history & plant trivia
- PLB143: Evolution of Crop Plants
- Science and Plants for Schools (SAPS) - Fast plants
- Wisconsin Fast Plants
- Botany Herbals - Historical botanical books
- Agriculture / Sustainable Agriculture
- Exploring Biodiversity - introduces major concepts of biodiversity at AP-high school or introductory college level
- National Drought Mitigation Center - excellent resource for understanding complexities of drought
- Core Historical Literature of Agriculture (CHLA) - imporant monographs and publications in the history of agriculture research
- International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI) - detailed information about techniques for retaining biodiversity and FAQs on growing economic plant crops
- FAO Document Repository - free, authorative, online publications of the FAO (start with the term 'agricultural' if you are lost)
- Transgenic Crops: An Introduction and Resources Guide - overview of history, techniques, regulation, risks, concerns and news about transgenic GMO crops
- Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment and Wildlife Habitat - USEPA case studies of functioning treatment wetlands.
- Riparian Enhancement on Sloughs - Stream stabilization with plantings and other best management practices.
- Biological Control of Pests and Weeds - integrated pest management avoiding pesticides and insecticides
- AgriSurf! The Farmers Search Engine - web link site for farming
- Live Fences - The use of plant species as living fences in tropical agriculture.
- North Central Regional Plant Introduction Station - germplasm analysis and characterization, pest assessment
- Rot Web Home Composting Information site - a how-to guide
- Corn Grower's Guidebook - everything about maize
- Tissue Culture in the Home Kitchen - Instructions for tissue culture in the home kitchen. - page removed 9/7/00
- Agricultural Network Information Center - online references for plant information
- Seed Germination Database
- Agroforestry - sustainable tree agriculture
- HCS 600 - Quality, Ethics, and the Global Environment
- Ecology
- Conservation Plant Identification Tools and Guides from USDA - two pocket ID guides for plant conservation--one emphasizing herbaceous plants; the other emphasizing trees and shrubs
- Ecological Site Information System (ESIS) - includes the Ecological Site Description (ESD) and the Ecological Site Inventory (ESI)
- Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center - site includes a wealth of fact sheets on prairies and specific issues of prairie ecology
- Canada Centre for Remote Sensing - satellite resources, imagery, climatic, geodetic surveys, an atlas and geographical data on Canada
- Drosera-X - urban ecology information on many native topics, plant lists, and print references
- Prairie Frontier - wildflowers and prairie grasses
- Virtual Field Herbarium - promotes constructing field guides to document current diversity and support sustainable development
- Louisiana Ecosystems & Plant Identification: An Interactive Virtual Tour - plants and 360° images of wetland and upland habitats of Southern Forest with detailed pages on about 200 plants
- Sonoran Desert Museum - Phoenix based museum with web sites on deserts and particularly spring blooms of wildflowers
- Strange Days on Planet Earth - PBS show on environmental issues and global change topics including invaders, temperature change, predators and water quality
- Eco-Portal - The EnvironmentalSustainability.Info Source - collects info and news feeds on ecology and global sustainability
- Climate Ark - Climate Change Portal - news consolidator for global change news stories
- Southwest Exotic Plant Information Clearinghouse - invasive plant site for the US Southwest
- UNESCO World Heritage Center - nearly 800 788 natural and cultural places are given protection through international recognition of their importance
- EPA: Earth Day - historical and current information about Earth Day observations
- Gecko GrassWorlds - parameter-rich PC software simulating predation conflict in grasslands
- Kurtz-Fernhout Software: Garden with Insight - free PC software that simulates garden conditions for many parameters
- Gecko Woods - parameter-rich PC software simulating competition and predation in a Northeast US forest
- Millennium Ecosystem Assessment - UN sanctioned study of >1500 authors indicate worsening ecological conditions
- WWF - Biomes and Biogeographical Realms - perhaps the best and most complete of the world biome sites with great precision for local ecoregions and lots of detail, lots of images
- Figs and Fig Wasps - biology of the fig wasp and its relationship with the pollination and fertilization of figs
- Frog Calls - studying decline of frog populations in the wild and our neighborhoods
- Ant Plants - plants with ants as tenants and caretakers, images of domatia, Myrmecodia and Hydnophytum
- Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER) - resources, information and strategies for managing invasive non-native species of the Pacific region
- Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk Project (HEAR) - resources, photographs and strategies to manage invasive non-native species of Hawaii
- Canadian Arctic Resources Committee - scientific information on development and sustainability in the arctic
- International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) - proponent of equitable and ecologically sustainable environmental policies worldwide
- IUCN Red List of Threatened Species - critically endangered, threatened and vulnerable species
- Wild Ones: Native Plants, Natural Landscapes - promotes establishment of native plant communities through education and local chapters
- Vegetation and Flora of Pitcairn Islands - a World Heritage site containing research and images on this biodiversity hotspot
- MBG Research: Photo Essays - 15 photo essays on field sites around the world including South America, Africa, China, Georgia
- SimForest - software predicting the behavior of a virtual forest under different species composition, global warming, etc.
- Bats, Bees, and Brazil Nut Trees - plants, floral structure, reproductive strategies, pollination of Lecythidaceae in the Amazon rainforest
- Biflora - database on the flora of the island of Hainan, China, a biodiversity hotspot
- Arctic National Wildlife Refuge - A Special Report by Arctic Circle - well-balanced academic site on resources, opportunities and perspectives concerning oil exploration of the ANWR
- SERPIN: Southeastern Rare Plant Information Network - botanical data, literature, other resources relating to state or federal listed threatened or endangered plants
- ExploreLearning: Photosynthesis - ecological physiological modeling of phtotosynthesis action spectrum, intensity and oxygen production
- ARKive - Images of Life on Earth - archive of biological images, particularly endangered and threatened species
- Mojave Desert Ecosystem Program - metadatabase including mapping, literature, links, documents and photographs
- Global Forest Science - Research Projects - conservation and diversity oriented research organization providing some research support for studies in Canada and the US
- Biodiversity Hotspots - 25 hotspots containing 44% of plant species
- Floralp - information platform of plant ecology in European mountain systems - an ecological metadatabase
- Center for Aquatic and Invasive Plants - APIRS database, extensive image and drawing collections, encyclopedic information on aquatic plants
- NOVA: Deep Sea Invasion - a marine alga presents a classic example of the danger of invasive species
- Actionbioscience: Biodiversity - essays on diversity, biopiracy, endangered species, microorganisms
- How to Go Ancient-Forest-Free - A Markets Initiative - developing sustainable alternatives to harvesting old-growth forests
- The Last of the Last: The Old-Growth Forests of Boreal Europe - PDF brochure about the taiga or boreal forest (67pp, 2.4MB)
- Taiga Rescue Network - resources about the boreal forest
- Grow Native! - plant growth information, info sheets on nature
- PlantWatch Canada - a national effort coordinating volunteers and professionals observing environmental change
- Tropilab Inc. - free information on plants from the Amazon rainforest in Surinam; sells seed
- Practical Guide to Mycorrhiza - introductory site about plant root-fungus symbiotic relationships
- MossCam Project - a study of drying mosses
- James San Jacinto Mountains Reserve - donated natural area near UC-Riverside for use in education
- EPA Global Warming Site: Climate Change Education Resource Database - access to numerous government reports and information
- New Zealand Trust for Conservation Volunteers - an organization that mobilizes hundreds of volunteers to restoration efforts
- Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna (CITES) - treaty to regulate rare plants
- CAEDYM: Computational Aquatic Ecosystem Dynamics Model - ecological modeling site
- Postcode Plants Database - native plants and associated fauna of the United Kingdom
- Wildflowers In Bloom - images, maps and growing tips for planting North American wildflowers
- The Invasive Plants Fact Book - handbook of assorted facts on invasive plants
- San Francisco Estuary Invasive Spartina Project - how to control cordgrass species
- Invasive and Exotic Species of North America - invasive plants and biological control agents are indexed and illustrated
- Images of Dry Tropical Habitat - images from Argentina, Kenya, Madagascar, Mexico, Namibia, Oman and Somalia
- Life at High Temperatures - bacteria and cyanobacteria in hot springs, streams, geysers, pool and their role in biotechnology
- Discover Life - educational site
- Curriculum Guide for the Climate Impacts Map - activities for exploring global warming
- Exploring Biodiversity - introduces major concepts of biodiversity at AP-high school or introductory college level
- Yellowstone Ecological Research Center - sponsoring education and research activities at Yellowstone National Park
- Rare, Endangered and Vulnerable Plants of the Republic of Georgia - species list with habitats, geographic distribution and occasional photos
- Nature Conservancy Carribean Island Metadata - vegetation maps of Carribean islands from GIS data
- Native Plant Information Network - useful resources for finding, buying, selecting and growing native plants; finding local native plant organizations & societies
- National Estuary Program - US initiative to address the marine-freshwater interface
- Invasive Plants of Natural Habitats in Canada - biology and ecology of invasive plants and alien weed control
- California Wildlife and Habitat Data Analysis Branch - threatened and endangered plants, guidelines for assessment, exhaustive California natural community and habitat database
- Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center - resource for growing native plants and land restoration
- ETI's World Biodiversity Database - databases to species, taxonomists and molecular biology resources
- Centres of Plant Diversity: The Americas - information and identification of regions of special plant diversity in the New World
- Australian Arid Lands Botanic Garden - plants and animals of the Australian outback
- Deserts: Geology and Resources - answers major questions on how deserts form, effect of atmospheric conditions, desertification
- Neotropical Grassland Conservancy - organization dedicated to studying grassland ecosystems throughout Latin America
- National Drought Mitigation Center - excellent resource for understanding complexities of drought
- Noxious, Invasive, and Alien Wetland Species - FAQ on recognizing/mitigating aggressive species
- Kudzu - The Vine - overtaking trees, equipment, houses, barns
- Botany in the Subantarctic - subarctic island studies, abstracts & research projects by University of Queensland
- Checklist of Software for Field Biologists - links for software for databases, collections, indexing and much more
- Hendrix Online Photos - Desert and Rocky Mountain wildflowers, to Mountain View experimental gardens - lots of images
- ReThink Paper - reduce, reuse, recycle, use non-wood fibers
- Worldbiomes.Com - aquatic, desert, forest, grasslands, and tundra are covered here
- EPA ECOTOX Database System - database of toxicologically active chemicals on plants
- Peatlands Around the World - Bogs and fens of Ireland and of the world.
- National Eutrophication Management Program - Factors contributing to eutrophication in Australian waterbodies and estuaries.
- Florida Forestry Information - Information on forest trees and forest ecosystems of Florida.
- Duke University Wetand Center Everglades Field Trip - Description of the everglades and current problems with its restoration.
- Friends of the Everglades - Website of Friends of the Everglades conservation organization.
- University of Illinois at Springfield Prairie Project - information on history, restoration and biodiversity of a tall grassland prairie
- Palmyra Atoll - Rainforest at Sea - high bandwidth site on a remote atoll in the Pacific Ocean
- Wetland Plants and Plant Communities of Minnesota and Wisconsin - classification of bogs, marshes, swamps, floodplain forests, with plant list and descriptions
- Earth Day 2001 - history of Earth Day and impressive links on environmental issues
- Weeds Gone Wild: Alien Plant Invaders of Natural Areas - threat & impact of invasive alien plants on the native flora, fauna and ecosystems
- DesertUSA - plant essays on desert adaptation, images, and species information
- Mesquite: A modular system for evolutionary analysis - programs for graphical interpretation of phylogenetic data
- National Library for the Environment (NLE) - Congressional reports, position papers, major environmental portal
- Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness Compendium - comprehensive site on Northwoods and boreal forest, featuring flora, fauna, geography
- Plants of the Northwoods - images and descriptions of trees, shrubs, herbs, fern allies, mosses, lichens & liverworts
- ClimateTrend.Com - thermal trends and temperature changes from 1900
- Land Use History of North America (LUHNA) - pilot projects on past and present patterns of vegetation
- Global Invasive Species Database - information about weedy & nuisance species that replace native plants & animals
- Mycorrhizas Webpage - encyclopedic site on plant-associated fungi or mycorrhizae
- Boreal Forest - course on wetland ecology of northern woods
- NOAA Climate Prediction Center - encyclopedic site on long-term weather and climate change
- Cloud Forest Alive - a specialized biome in the tree canopy of the tropical rain forest
- Aquatic Plant Control Support Operations Center - Government information on aquatic invasive species management.
- Vegetation of Mt Field National Park and the South-West Tasmania Wilderness Area - illustrations and ecology of an Australian park
- Kelp Forest and Rocky Subtitle Habitats - ecological reports on flora & fauna of kelp beds
- Kelp Forests - taxonomy, ecology and succession of kelp beds
- Forests of British Columbia - tree images, habitat, economic uses, identification information given
- Plant Diversity at Bullshoals Field Station - wildflower plant images and habitat database
- America's Most Endangered Rivers of 2000 - threatened rivers of the US
- Western Australian Seagrass Web Page - marine biology-related angiosperm site
- Desert USA Flora - images and data on common arid plants of North America
- Threatened Plants of the World - rare, endangered, vulnerable, and extinct plants
- Resources Inventory Committee Standards - Canadian government manuals on collection of field data and sampling procedures.
- Saltcedar Management and Riparian Restoration Workshop - Biology and ecology of Saltcedar (Tamarix) in the U.S.
- Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment and Wildlife Habitat - USEPA case studies of functioning treatment wetlands.
- Desert Botanical Garden - virtual tours of arid-adapted xerophytes
- Allelopathy Research at the University of Savoie - Introduction to Allelopathy and experiments with Picea abies.
- Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk - Plants threatening Pacific Island ecosystems.
- On the Prairie: Prairie Resources and Games - a game, photo gallery, distribution and species of this ecosystem
- Major Biomes of the World -Teaching module with maps and descriptions of eight world biomes.
- National Wetlands Research Center Education - Lesson plans and teaching guides for wetlands ecology.
- State Lists of Endangered Species Under Fish and Wildlife Service Jurisdiction - U.S. and Virgin Islands endangered plants and animals listed by state.
- Arid Lands Information Center -Information on the scientific and human aspects of desert life.
- Mangrove Replenishment Initiative - reforestation in Florida
- Rocky Mountain Rare Plants - Alpine Seeds - seed catalogs, germination information
- WWF Climate Change Campaign - global warming evidence
- State of the World's Forests - forest resources by country with distribution maps
- Everglades Field Trip - Summary of the hydrology, biology, geology, and restoration of the Florida Everglades.
- Rot Web Home Composting Information site - a how-to guide
- Canadian Botanical Conservation Network - newsletter, invasive & endangered species, seed gene bank
- Reforestation, Nurseries and Genetic Resources - resource for finding seed & growing trees
- Great Lakes Environment - photo essays, information about monitoring the environment
- Conservation of Arctic Flora and Fauna - international polar reserach initiative
- A Manual of California Vegetation - vegetation types, ecotypes, communities
- Rangeland Plant Communities of the West - range management course site with tutorial
- Pfiesteria piscicida Page - environmental danger from a toxic dinoflagellate
- Endangered Species Home Page - U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
- The United States Salinity Laboratory -USDA publications and databases on salt tolerancy, soils and pesticides.
- INVADERS Database System - invading exotic species of the Northwest US
- Harmful Algae Page
- Lick Creek Park - a virtual tour
- Mycorrhiza Information Exchange Web Site - bibliography of fungi, hosts & symbiosis
- Southwest Exotic Plant Mapping Program - invading noxious weed species
- Cartographic Links for Botanists - plant distribution maps & tools from different states, regions, countries
- TerraServer: The World's Largest Database - satellite imagery, remote sensing
- National Atlas of the United States of America - maps of every state
- A Decade of Forest Health in Canada - Studies of air pollution and forest decline in Canada.
- Why Owens Lake is Red! - Halophilic organisms in salt lakes and playas.
- Botanique -Nursery producer of bog plants providing care sheets online.
- Proceedings of the 10th Annual Conference on Hazardous Waste Research - Papers and abstracts concerning bioremediation of hazardous waste.
- Online Vegetation and Plant Distribution Maps - encyclopedic set of map links, including fossils
- The John Muir Exhibit - Sierra Club site commemorating Muir
- The Chemical Defenses of Higher Plants - plant-animal interactions, allelopathy
- INRA Scientific Database Servers - links, databases, DNA, mychorrhizae, insects
- Science and the Environment - news summary site
- EnviroLink - Environmental Link site
- The Nature Conservancy - conservation organization, library, report card on endangered species
- Plants in the Hawaiian Environment - Botany 130 - Hawaiian flora and man's impact on it
- World Resources Institute - encyclopedic site with facts on ecology, conservation and the environment
- Plants, People & the Environment - Model, full-featured website for introductory plant biology course, including online quizzes, grades, chat room, hot keys
- Gaia Forest Conservation Archives - great links site for ecology and the environment
- International Canopy Network (ICAN) - home of the Canopy listserv, resources on the forest canopy - no connect 10/3/98, 4/30/99, 6/9/99
- Environmental Resources Information Network (ERIN) - Australian site with documents, databases, and a newsletter
- Amazing Environmental Organization Web Directory - Directory & database to environmental biology resources
- Arid Lands Newsletter - semi-annual online newsletter on desertification
- The Need to Know - Ecology and Environment - resources on ecology and the environment
- Endangered Species Home Page - Database, newsletter and the laws
- Rainforest Action Network - How the rainforest is being changed and what to do about it
- Plants of the New Jersey Pinelands (Pine Barrens) - virtual tour and photo site
- Center for Plant Conservation - Information, pictures, a quiz and strategies
- The Amazing Story of Kudzu - Ecological plague of the South, US
- Indigenous Trees of Gauteng - High plateau in South Africa
- Royal Tasmanian Botanical Garden - Native Australian fungus threatens their non-native species
- BIOPAK -- Software for Computing Plant Biomass - FTP and FAQs
- Craig's Juicy Native Grass Gossip & Research - information on native grasses
- Ecology Simulation Server - Online computer simulations
- HCS 600 - Quality, Ethics, and the Global Environment
- Tree Education - basics of tree biology
- Types of Forests - biome oriented view
- Ecology and Trees - hydrological cycle and greenhouse effect)
- Nitrogen Fixation and Legumes - nitrogen cycle and role of Rhizobium
- Plants for a Future
- Horticulture
- Crop Nutrient Tool - nutrients used and needed to grow selected crops
- Plant Fact Sheets - basic information on plants from USDA/ARS in North Carolina
- The Magic of Growing Native Australian Plants - tips and techniques for starting plants from seed, cuttings, grafts
- Hort 400 Autotutorials - Techniques in commercial crop plant propagation.
- Horticulture and Crop Science in Virtual Perspective - Index to web-assisted courses in Horticulture and Crop Science at The Ohio State University.
- Technology of Horticulture - grafting and propagation of plants, w/ lab exercises
- Taxonomy of Landscape Plants - nomenclature & identification site with database of ornamental plants; useful taxonomic links
- Hort Digest - Online magazine of tropical horticulture.
- Seed Germination Database
- Ohio State University Extension VegNet - information on vegetable crops, including tomatoes, potatoes, pumpkins
- PLANT PATHOLOGY on the World Wide Web - mini-course on plant pathology & plant diseases with case studies
- Introduction to Tomatoes - Illustrated FAQ mainly about tomato development and structure (Lycopersicum esculentum)
- Online Courses at Ohio State University
- HCS 210 - Discovering Horticulture
- HCS 300 - General Plant Biology
- HCS 560 - Computers in Horticultural Management
- HCS 600 - Quality, Ethics, and the Global Environment
- Introductory Cell Biology
- EFB530 Plant Physiology - a course site presenting concise overviews of many topics including cells, photosynthesis, respiration, function, behavior, hormones and transformation
- Kyrk: Cell Biology Animations - animations cell biology topics, including movies on cell anatomy, organelles, membranes, diffusion, glycolysis, photosynthesis, nucleic acids, mitosis and more
- Carnegie Plant Cell Imaging - Quicktime movies, protocols and articles on molecular imaging with fluorescent probe constructs, transformation and confocal microscopy, featuring mitosis, organelles, microtubules and more
- Cell Biology Education - quarterly online publication, providing features, articles, essays and announcements for life science educators
- BIODIC Image Gallery - gallery of over 1000 scanning and transmission electron microscopic images of plants, chloroplasts, mitochondria, Golgi etc.
- Multiscopic Cell - an introduction to the structure of the cell
- http://www.sciam.com/explorations/2001/111901nucleus/ - models for the origin of the nucleus of the cell
- DNA Learning Center - summer workshops for middle and high school students and teachers, genetics, eugenics and DNA resources
- DNA from the Beginning - tutorial, quizzes and animated concepts of genetics
- Biology4Kids: Cells - introduction to basic cell structure and organelles, like chloroplasts, mitochondria, nuclei
- Web Atlas of Cellular Structures Using Light and Confocal Microscopy - organelle & subcellular images, including cytoskeleton (actin & microtubules), nucleus, mitosis
- Cellupedia - model introductory site on cell biology, with news, glossary, messageboards
- Plant Tissue Culture Information Exchange - information about micropropagation, chimeras, protoplasts, somatic embryogenesis
- The Fundamental Unit of Life - Tutorial on the cell, its structure, components, and biochemistry.
- Bio-Tech - New page location for Bio-Tech Online Resouces.
- The Biology Project - interactive online tutorials for Biochemistry, Cell Biology, Mendelian Genetics, Immunology, Chemicals and Human Health, Developmental and Molecular Biology
- Protein Synthesis - tutorial, mRNA, ribosome, translation
- Principles of Protein Structure - online tutorial on preparation of polypeptides and proteins
- Cytochemistry Web Page - resource for cell biology
- Cell Biology Topics - Online text with self-quizzes
- Cyberbotanica: Plants and Cancer Treatments - medicinal plants, chemicals and a challenging online quiz
- Metabolic Plant Physiology - covers nitrogen, sulfur and secondary metabolic pathways; also links for plant biochemistry
- Cell Biology Laboratory Manual - Remarkably complete multi-level lab tutorial/manual
- Biology Hypertextbook Chapters - Text with emphasis on cell biology
- Virtual Plant Cell - Clickable plant cell
- A typical plant cell - Clickable map and explanations
- Biology 10 Supplemental Readings - no connect 6/9/99
- Plant Anatomy
- M. Blinnikov's Phytolith Gallery - numerous images in light and scanning electron microscopy
- Plants and their Structure - an online text - an anthology of some fine individual content sites largely featured before
- Plant Anatomy CD Support Site - contains numerous quizzes, study aids, botany in the news and dynamic botanical cartoons
- Phyllotaxis - applets, illustrations, discussions, exercises and research papers on leaf positioning from a botanical and mathematical perspective
- UBC Cell Biology Bio-Media Database - search engine-driven site featuring many microscopic images, specializing in cells
- Plant Anatomy Lab Support Materials - microscopy images of traditionally covered plant anatomy topics
- Plant Cell Biology on CD - confocal and electron microscope images of plant cell organelles and tissues
- Virtual Crops: Grape - Vitis vinifera - seasonal development, fruit production and diseases and pests of grapes are featured
- Atlas of Plant Anatomy - image-based overview of cell & tissues, roots, stems, and leaves
- Manual of Leaf Architecture - definitive guide to the diversity of angiosperm leaf structure
- Plant Anatomy BIO 311 - lab manual, review images, and glossary
- Photographic Atlas of Plant Anatomy - 53 topics and numerous microscopic images are featured
- Angiosperm Anatomy - Excellent introduction to plant anatomy of monocots and dicots
- An Introduction to Microscopy: Botany - interesting feature essays on structure-function and adaptations
- How A Soybean Plant Develops - everything you wanted to know about growing soybeans
- Plant Anatomy and Physiology Revision Course - photomicrographs of major plant organs & structures, featuring xylem, phloem, major cell and tissue types, shoot apex, stem, leaf, root
- Atlas of Plant Anatomy - Atlas de Anatomia Vegetal - innovative collecion of microscopic images of leaves, roots and stems
- Plant Biology Images - photomicrographic and macrographic images of microscopic images
- CBCN Botanists-in-Training! - laboratory exercises, quizzes, information and cartoons of plant structures, including anatomy
- Megasporogenesis & Megagametogenesis in Lilium - meiosis, megaspores, embryo sac development and fertilization
- Microsporogenesis & Microgametogenesis in Lilium - meiosis, microspores and pollen development
- Methods in Plant Histology - microtechnique resource for preparing plant tissues emphasizing paraffin technique
- Mycorrhizas Webpage - encyclopedic site on plant-associated fungi or mycorrhizae
- Web Atlas of Cellular Structures Using Light and Confocal Microscopy - organelle & subcellular images, including cytoskeleton (actin & microtubules), nucleus, mitosis
- Virtual Crops: Virtual Cotton Anatomy Home Page - photographs, drawings and micrographs of Gossypium
- Virtual Crops: Virtual Rice Anatomy Home Page - photographs of Oryza stems, leaves, roots and reproduction
- Land of the Glandular Trichomes - interesting images from the Lamiaceae
- Developmental Plant Anatomy - emphasis on transport, phloem-loading, plasmodesmata, apical growth and tissue systems
- Virtual Plant - tutorial on plant anatomy with excellent photomicrographs
- Sieve tubes in action - phloem structure
- Virtual Plant Cell - photographs and drawings of a plant cell
- Biology of Horticulture - Q & A w/lab exercises relating to plant structure & function
- Microscopy: The Tree Collection - microscopic wood sections and information
- Vegetative Characteristics Used in Taxonomy Keys - exercises and glossary of morphology terms for angiosperms
- Reproductive Characteristics Used in Taxonomy Keys - exercises and glossary of morphology terms for angiosperms
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